北师大版2024秋七上英语Grammar Summary跟读

Grammar Summary

语法总结

Unit 1

第一单元

Pronouns

代词

Subject pronouns

人称代词（主格）

Object pronouns

人称代词（宾格）

Possessive determiners

物主限定词

Possessive pronouns

名词性物主代词

I

我

you

你

he

他

she

她

it

它

we

我们

you

你们

they

他们；她们；它们

me

我

you

你

him

他

her

她

it

它

us

我们

you

你们

them

他们；她们；它们

my

我的

your

你的

his

他的

her

她的

its

它的

our

我们的

your

你们的

their

他们的；她们的；它们的

mine

我的

yours

你的

his

他的

hers

她的

ours

我们的

yours

你们的

theirs

他们的；她们的；它们的

人称代词（主格）I、you、he、she、it、we、they可以用作句子的主语。 Julie has got a brother. →She has got a brother.

人称代词（宾格）me、you、him、her、it、us、them可以用作宾语。 Julie loves the cat. →Julie loves it.

物主限定词my、your、his、her、its、our、their常用于名词前，表示所属关系。 Julie has got a photo of her family.

名词性物主代词mine、yours、his、hers、ours、theirs也表示所属关系，但用于指代提到过的或已知的事物或人，相当于物主限定词+名词。 Jack's bike is blue. Mine is orange. The family photo is hers.

Grammar in use

语法运用

Choose the correct option.

选择正确的选项。

The blue car is ours.

那辆蓝色的汽车是我们的。

Tom is their cousin.

汤姆是他们的堂哥。

My sister is Ellen. She is 15.

我妹妹叫埃伦，今年15岁。

You can play with us.

你可以和我们一起玩。

Is this your house?

这是你的房子吗？

This is Tony. The boy over there is his brother.

这是托尼，那边的那个男孩是他哥哥。

Complete the text with her (x2), our, my, mine, hers, I, we.

用her（使用两次）、our、my、mine、hers、I、we补全文段。

I am Colin and this is my sister. Her name is Gemma. In this photo, we are outside with our bikes. The white bike is mine. White is my favourite colour. Gemma likes grey. The grey bike is hers. Gemma can ride fast. It's fun when I'm with her.

我叫科林，这是我妹妹，她叫吉玛。这张照片里，我们骑着自行车在外面玩。白色的自行车是我的，我最喜欢白色。吉玛喜欢灰色，灰色的自行车是她的。吉玛骑得很快。和她在一起很开心。

Demonstrative pronouns

指示代词

this、that、these、those是指示代词。 this（单数）、these（复数）用于指近处的人或事物。 Hello, this is Bob Harper. What are these on my plate?

that（单数）、those（复数）用于指较远的人或事物。 — What is that over there? — It's a cat. Where are those cats from?

this

这个

these

这些

that

那个

those

那些

this、that、these和those可以用于修饰名词。 This pen is mine. I really like those shoes.

Grammar in use

语法运用

Look at the pictures and complete the sentences.

看图，补全句子。

This cake is nice.

这个蛋糕很好吃。

Look at those beautiful mountains.

看看那些美丽的山峰。

These are my new shoes.

这是我的新鞋。

Can you see that bird?

你看见那只鸟了吗？

Possessive nouns

名词所有格

名词或名字后加's或'构成名词所有格，通常用于表示所有关系。 That is Tom's dog. These are the girls' bags.

当事物属于两个人或更多人时，通常只在最后一个名词后加's或'，如 Erica and Tony's house。

Grammar in use

语法运用

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.

用括号中单词的正确形式补全句子。

Are those the girls' bags?

那些是女孩们的书包吗？

Where are Tim's books?

蒂姆的书在哪里？

That is Jane and Mike's dog.

那是简和迈克的狗。

What time does the women's football match start?

女子足球比赛什么时候开始？

Is this Mrs Hanson's office?

这是汉森太太的办公室吗？

Complete the text with the correct options.

用正确的选项补全短文。

On Mondays, Mum washes the children's clothes and tidies Emma and Alice's bedroom. She puts Emma's toys into a big pink box and Alice's toys into a big purple box. Then, she makes their beds. After that, she takes the dogs, Salt and Pepper, for a walk. She takes the dogs' ball for them to play with. Then, Mum makes lunch and takes some to Grandma and Grandpa's house. They eat together and they are very happy.

每周一，妈妈会把孩子们的衣服洗起来，接着整理埃玛和爱丽丝的卧室。她把埃玛的玩具放进了粉色的大箱子里，把爱丽丝的玩具放进了紫色的大箱子里，再整理她们的床铺。之后，她带着小狗索尔特和小狗佩珀出门散步，还带上了它们要玩的球。然后，妈妈做了午饭，带了一些去爷爷奶奶家。他们一起吃饭，其乐融融。

Unit 2

第二单元

Have got

have got常用于英式英语中，与have意思相同，表达“拥有”“有”等意思。 Jane has got/has a new book. Lucy has got a blue bag. Mr Wu has got a son.

肯定

I/You/We/They have ('ve) got... He/She/It has ('s) got...

我/你（们）/我们/他们有…… 他/她/它有……

否定

I/You/We/They have not (haven't) got... He/She/It has not (hasn't) got...

我/你（们）/我们/他们没有…… 他/她/它没有……

疑问

Have I/you/we/they got...?

我/你（们）/我们/他们有……吗？

Has he/she/it got...?

他/她/它有……吗？

答句

Yes, you/I/we/they have. No, you/I/we/they haven't.

是的，你（们）/我/我们/他们有。 不，你（们）/我/我们/他们没有。

Yes, he/she/it has. No, he/she/it hasn't.

是的，他/她/它有。 不，他/她/它没有。

Grammar in use

语法运用

(for Lesson 1) Complete the text with the correct form of have/has got.

（第一课）用have/has got的正确形式补全短文。

My name is Charlie and I am 13 years old. I have got lessons from Monday to Friday, but I haven't got lessons at the weekend. School starts at 8:45 a.m. and finishes at 3:30 p.m. We have got seven lessons every day. After school, I have got football practice on Tuesdays and Thursdays. My friend John has got a lesson in the Computer Club on Mondays and Wednesdays. On Fridays, we haven't got any after-school clubs, so we go to the park.

我叫查理，今年13岁。我从星期一到星期五都有课，但是周末没有课。学校早上8点45分开始上课，下午3点30分放学。我们每天有七节课。放学后，我星期二和星期四有足球训练，我的朋友约翰星期一和星期三在计算机社上课。星期五，我们没有课外社团，所以我们一起去公园。

My name is Charlie and I am 13 years old. I have got lessons from Monday to Friday, but I haven't got lessons at the weekend. School starts at 8:45 a.m. and finishes at 3:30 p.m. We have got seven lessons every day. After school, I have got football practice on Tuesdays and Thursdays. My friend John has got a lesson in the Computer Club on Mondays and Wednesdays. On Fridays, we haven't got any after-school clubs, so we go to the park.

我叫查理，今年13岁。我从星期一到星期五都有课，但是周末没有课。学校早上8点45分开始上课，下午3点30分放学。我们每天有七节课。放学后，我星期二和星期四有足球训练，我的朋友约翰星期一和星期三在计算机社上课。星期五，我们没有课外社团，所以我们一起去公园。

(for Lesson 2)

（第二课）

Complete the dialogue with the correct form of have/has got.

用have/has got的正确形式补全短文。

Hi, Max! Have you got PE today?

嗨，马克思！你今天有体育课吗？

Yes, I have. But we haven't got our lesson outside because it's raining! What lessons have you got today?

有的。但是我们没有在外面上课，因为下雨了！你今天上了什么课？

I have got maths, geography, English and art. Mr Williams has got a video to show us in geography class, and I have got a fun project to do in art class.

我有数学、地理、英语和美术。威廉姆斯老师在地理课上给我们放了一个视频，我在美术课上做了一个有趣的项目。

That sounds good. Don't forget that we have got a lesson in the Computer Club at 4:30 p.m.

听起来不错。别忘了下午四点半我们还要去计算机社上课。

OK! See you then!

好的，到时见！

Complete the sentences. Use have/has got with the expressions in the box.

用have/has got与方框里的短语补全句子。

a bike

一辆自行车

a watch

一块手表

a brother and a sister

一个弟弟和一个妹妹

any questions

一些问题

much time

很多时间

What time is it? Have you got a watch?

现在几点了？你带手表了吗？

Quick! We haven't got much time.

快点！我们时间不多了。

Tim has got a brother and a sister. He loves them.

蒂姆有一个弟弟和一个妹妹，他爱他们。

She walks or takes a bus to school, because she hasn't got a bike.

她走路或乘公共汽车上学，因为她没有自行车。

Are you clear about this lesson? Have you got any questions?

这节课你们都听懂了吗？还有什么有问题要问吗？

Plural nouns

名词复数

可数名词有单数和复数形式。 单数：a doctor、a city、a desk、an idea、a game。 复数：doctors、cities、desks、ideas、games。

可数名词复数用于表达多于一个人或事物。 Mike has got an apple. Carrie has got an apple. Mike and Carrie have got two apples.

可数名词复数的变化规则如下： 多数名词在词尾直接加-s，如ball → balls； 以-s、-ss、-sh、-ch、-x结尾和以部分-o结尾的名词，在词尾加-es，如bus → buses、glass → glasses、brush → brushes、watch → watches、fox → foxes、 tomato → tomatoes； 以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，将y变为i，再加-es，如cherry → cherries； 部分以-f或-fe结尾的名词，将-f或-fe变为-ves，如shelf → shelves、knife → knives。 英语中有些可数名词的复数形式较为特殊，如man → men、woman → women、child → children、foot → feet、tooth → teeth、mouse → mice、deer → deer。 有些名词的复数形式更常用，如clothes、jeans、glasses、shorts、scissors。

Grammar in use Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.

语法运用 用括号中单词的正确形式补全句子。

How many students are there in your class?

你们班有多少名学生？

I keep my old textbooks in boxes in my bedroom.

我把旧课本放在卧室的盒子里。

Do you do any after-school activities?

你有参加课外活动吗？

We help our teacher clear the leaves on the playground.

我们帮老师清理操场上的树叶。

They eat their lunches in the dining hall.

他们在食堂吃午餐。

The couple have got three children.

这对夫妇有三个孩子。

Unit 3

第三单元

There be

There be常用于表达某事物存在于某地。

There is + 单数名词 There is a table.

There are + 复数名词 There are two tables.

There's是There is的缩写形式，There're是There are的缩写形式。 There's a book on the table. There're two books on the table.

单数

复数

肯定

There is a table in my room.

我的房间里有一张桌子。

There are two tables in my room.

我的房间里有两张桌子。

否定

There isn't a table in my room.

我的房间里没有桌子。