北师大版2025春七下英语Grammar Summary跟读

Grammar Summary

语法总结

Unit 1

第一单元

Adverbs of frequency

频度副词

频度副词用于表达事件或动作发生的频率，通常用于回答how often提出的问题。

Wang Chun always/usually/often/sometimes/seldom/never has lunch at school.

王春总是/通常/经常/有时/很少/从不在学校吃午饭。

常见的频度副词按照频度从高到低可以排列为 always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、never。

频度副词常用于实义动词之前、be动词之后、句首或句末。

I seldom watch TV in the afternoon.

我下午很少看电视。

They are always late for football practice.

他们足球训练总是迟到。

Sometimes I go swimming with my dad.

有时我会和爸爸一起去游泳。

Grammar in Use Complete the sentences about yourself.

语法运用 将关于你自己的句子补充完整。

I ______ go swimming.

我______去游泳。

I am ______ late for school.

我______上学迟到。

I ______ go to bed early.

我______早睡。

I ______ surf the internet.

我______上网。

I ______ read newspapers.

我______读报纸。

I ______ watch TV in the evening.

我______晚上看电视。

Present simple

一般现在时

一般现在时常用于表达持久的状态、重复的动作或日常习惯。

Mr Chen works as a teacher.

陈先生是一名教师。

He walks to school every day.

他每天步行去上学。

He eats breakfast at home every morning.

他每天早上在家吃早餐。

一般现在时可以表达普遍性的真理。

The Moon moves around the Earth.

月亮绕着地球转。

一般现在时通常使用动词的原形，但当主语为第三人称单数时，动词需进行变化。

I live in Beijing, but my brother lives in Tangshan.

我住在北京，但我哥哥住在唐山。

动词的第三人称单数变化规则如下:

多数动词直接在词尾加 -s，如 live — lives、rain — rains；

以 -ss、-sh、-ch、-x、-o 结尾的动词，需要在词尾加 -es，如I kiss — she kisses、I brush — she brushes、I teach — she teaches、I mix — she mixes、I go — she goes；

以辅音字母+-y结尾的动词，-y变为-ies，如I try — she tries、I study — she studies。

肯定

I go to work by bus.

我坐公交车去上班。

She goes to work by bike.

她骑自行车去上班。

否定

I don't go to work by bus.

我不坐公交车去上班。

She doesn't go to work by bike.

她不骑自行车去上班。

疑问

Do you go to work by bus?

你坐公交车去上班吗？

Yes, I do./No, I don't.

是的，我坐。/不，我不坐。

Does she go to work by bike?

她骑自行车去上班吗？

Yes, she does./No, she doesn't

是的，她骑。/不，她不骑。

How do you go to work?

你怎样去上班？

How does she go to work?

她怎样去上班？

一般现在时可以与下列表示时间的短语或频度副词连用：every day/week/month、always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、never等。

I get up at 6:30 a.m. every day.

我每天早上6:30起床。

He never gets up late.

他从不晚起。

Grammar in Use

语法运用

(for Lesson 2) Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple.

(第2课）将括号中的动词改为一般现在时。

Monica dosen't walk to work. She drives her car.

莫妮卡不步行去上班，而是开车去。

Peter teaches maths at school. He doesn't work in a hospital.

彼得在学校教数学，而不是在医院工作。

Jane walks her dog. She dosen't go running.

简在遛狗，而不是去跑步。

Paul walks to the gym. He dosen't ride his bike.

保罗步行去健身房，而不是骑自行车去。

Stella dosen't read books. She watches TV.

斯特拉不读书，而是看电视。

Ann dosen't cook dinner. She does the washing-up.

安不做晚饭，而是洗衣服。

(for Lesson 3) In pairs, ask and answer questions, as in the example.

（第3课）两人一组，如下列示例所示，提出问题并回答。

4:30 a.m.

上午4:30

get up; milk cows

起床；给奶牛挤奶

6:30 a.m.

上午6:30

have breakfast

吃早餐

8:30 a.m.

上午8:30

feed the animals

给动物喂食

12:00 noon

正午12:00

have lunch

吃午餐

2:00 p.m.

下午2:00

work in the field

在田间劳作

5:00 p.m.

下午5:00

have dinner

吃晚餐

6:30 p.m.

下午6:30

milk cows again

再给奶牛挤奶

9:30 p.m.

下午9:30

go to bed

睡觉

Example

示例

Does Henry get up at 6:00 a.m.?

亨利早上六点起床吗？

No, he doesn't. He gets up at 4:30 a.m.

不，他不是。他早上4:30起床。

Unit 2

第二单元

Sentence structure

句子结构

常见的句子结构有：

主语 + 谓语动词（SV）Jack reads.

主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语（SVO）Jack reads books.

句子的主语通常是句子表述的对象，可以是名词或代词。

Mike plays basketball.

迈克打篮球。

主语

谓语动词通常用于表述动作或状态。

I wake up at 7 o'clock.

我早上七点钟醒来。

谓语动词

动词的宾语用于表述被施动的人或事物，可以是名词或代词。

I wake up my sister.

我叫醒我妹妹。

宾语

英语句子的句首字母通常大写，句末使用英文句号（.）、问号（?）或感叹号（!）等标点符号。

Grammar in Use Mark the subject, the predicate verb and the object in the following sentences and decide what type of sentence each is.

语法运用 在下面的句子中标出主语、谓语动词和宾语，并判断它们分别是什么类型的句子。

Tim eats.

蒂姆吃东西。

My friends bring sweets.

我的朋友们带糖果。

I take a packed lunch.

我带的是盒饭。

Sam lives in London.

萨姆住在伦敦。

Students can buy a hot meal.

学生可以买热饭。

I usually have bread, cheese and some fruit.

我通常吃面包、奶酪和水果。

Countable and uncountable nouns

可数名词和不可数名词

可数名词通常是具体的名词，可以被计数，有单数和复数形式，如a book — three books、an apple — two apples、a box — ten boxes。

不可数名词通常为不可以被计数的名词，没有复数形式，如oil、fruit、advice、cheese、meat、 milk、 tea、 money。

在不可数名词前不能使用a、an或具体的数字。如果想表达不可数名词的数量，可以用数词 + 表示量的名词 +of 表达，如 two bowls of rice、five glasses of water。

可数名词和不可数名词通常使用不同的修饰词。

many、a few、few + 可数名词

much、a little、little + 不可数名词

alot of、lots of、plenty of、some、any + 可数名词/不可数名词

有些名词既可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。

I'd love a coffee, please. (= a cup of coffee)

请给我一杯咖啡。（=一杯咖啡）

Do you like coffee? (= the liquid)

你喜欢咖啡吗？（=液体）

Grammar in Use Complete the dialogue with a, an, some and any.

语法运用 用a、an、some和any完成对话。

What would you like for breakfast?

你早餐想吃什么？

I usually have a glass of orange juice.

我通常喝一杯橙汁。

I'm sorry. I haven't got any orange juice. I can make you a cup of coffee or tea.

对不起,我没有橙汁。我可以给你冲杯咖啡或泡杯茶。

Thanks. I'd like a cup of tea, please.

谢谢，请给我一杯茶。

Great! I've got some bread and cheese too. Would you like a sandwich?

好极了！我还有些面包和奶酪，你想吃三明治吗？

No, thanks. Have you got any fruit?

不用了，谢谢。你有水果吗？

Yes, I've got an apple, some grapes and some bananas.

有，我有一个苹果、一些葡萄和一些香蕉。

I'd like a banana, please.

请给我一根香蕉。

It is (not) + adj. + to do

It is (not) + 形容词 + to do

肯定形式：It is + adj. + to do

It is important to get enough sleep.

拥有充足的睡眠非常重要。

否定形式：It is not + adj. + to do

It isn't healthy to go to bed late.

晚睡不利于健康。

在It is (not) + adj. + to do 的句子结构中，it 通常为形式主语，句子的真正主语是 to do 部分。

It is good to exercise every day.

每天锻炼很有好处。

It is (not) + adj. + to do 用于强调句子的特定信息。

It is unhealthy to drink lots of cola.

饮用大量的可乐是不健康的。

Grammar in Use Rewrite the sentences, as in the example.

语法运用 如下列示例所示，改写句子。

Example

示例

Eating vegetables every day is good.

每天吃蔬菜有好处。

It's good to eat vegetables every day.

每天吃蔬菜有好处。

Drinking plenty of water is important.

多喝水非常重要。

It is important to drink plenty of water.

多喝水非常重要。

Eating fruit and vegetables is healthy.

吃水果蔬菜有益健康。

It is healthy to eat fruit and vegetables

吃水果蔬菜有益健康。

Eating lots of salt is unhealthy.

吃太多的盐是不健康的。

It is unhealthy to eat lots of salt.

吃太多的盐是不健康的。

Drinking lots of coffee every day isn't good.

每天喝太多的咖啡不好。

It is not good to drink lots of coffee every day.

每天喝太多的咖啡不好。

Unit 3

第三单元

Present continuous

现在进行时

现在进行时用于表达说话时正在进行的动作。

Lin Haoyu is studying at the moment.

林浩宇此刻正在学习。

现在进行时也可以用于表达已经安排好的不久的将来的计划。

They're moving house next wee.（已计划好下周搬家）

现在进行时的构成为 be (am/is/are) + 动词 -ing。

肯定

I am playing tennis now.

我现在在打网球。

否定

I'm not (am not) playing tennis now.

我现在没在打网球。

疑问

Are you playing tennis now?

你现在在打网球吗？

Yes, I am./No, I'm not.

是的，我在打。/不，我没在打。

Where are you playing tennis now?

你现在在哪里打网球？

现在进行时中动词的变化规则为：

在词尾直接加 -ing，如 look — looking、walk — walking；

以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉 e 加 -ing，如 write — writing、make — making；

重读闭音节中，以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的动词，双写辅音字母后加 -ing，如 swim — swimming、sit — sitting。

现在进行时可以与下列副词或短语连用：now、at the moment、at present、these days等。

Grammar in Use Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.

语法运用 用方框中单词的正确形式完成句子。

cook

烹饪

laugh

笑，发笑

play

戏剧；剧本

stand

站，站立

read

阅读

go

去

Please be quiet. Susan is reading.

请安静，苏珊在读书。

Where is Mark?

马克在哪里？

He is in the sports field. He is playing football with his friends.

他在运动场上。他正在和朋友们踢足球。

You are standing on my foot.

你踩到我的脚了。

Oh, I'm sorry.

哦，对不起。

We are going now.

我们现在就走。

See you tomorrow.

明天见。

Are you laughing at me?

你在笑我吗？

No. I'm watching TV.

不是，我在看电视。

Who is in the kitchen?

谁在厨房？

It's Ben. He is cooking.

是本，他在做饭。

Will/won't

情态动词Will/won't

一般将来时常用于下列情况：

基于猜测、分析或判断对未来进行预测，有时会与动词 hope、think、believe、expect 或短语I'm sure、I'm afraid 等连用。

I think it will be sunny tomorrow.

我觉得明天会是个晴天。

I'm sure he'll come to the party.

我相信他会来参加聚会的。

表达即时决策。

It's very cloudy today. I'll take an umbrella.

今天多云，我要带把伞。

表达承诺、威胁和提醒。

I'll call you as soon as I arrive.（承诺）

Stop talking or I'll send you out of my room.（威胁）

Wear a coat or you'll catch a cold.（提醒）

一般将来时由 will/won't + 动词原形构成。will和won't可以用于各种人称的主语。

肯定

He will go with me.

他会和我一起去。

否定

He won't go with me.

他不会和我一起去。

疑问

Will he go with me?

他会和我一起去吗？

Yes, he will./No, he won't.

是的，他会。/不，他不会。

Who will go with me?

谁会和我一起去？

在肯定句中可以使用 will 的缩写形式 'll，但简短回答中一般不用缩写形式。

He will meet us later. = He'll meet us later.

他稍后会和我们见面。

Will he meet us later?

他稍后会和我们见面吗？

Yes, he will.

是的，他会。

Grammar in Use Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box.

语法运用 用方框中动词的正确形式完成句子。

go

去

not/walk

不/步行

take

携带，拿走

snow

雪

be

是

not/wear

不/穿

It will snow in the next few days. Please drive carefully.

未来几天会下雪，请小心驾驶。

It's very hot. I hope we will go swimming in the sports centre tomorrow.

天气很热。我希望明天我们能去运动中心游泳。

It's hot today. I won't wear my jacket.

今天很热，我不会穿外套。

It will be very stormy next week on the island.

下周，岛上会有暴风雨。

It's wet and rainy. We will take umbrellas with us.

天气潮湿多雨，我们要带伞。

It's freezing cold! I won't walk to school. I'll catch the bus.

天气很冷！我不会步行去学校，我会搭公交车。

Have to

Have to的用法

have (got) to 用于表达有必要或不得不做的事，其否定形式表示非必要。

We usually have to be at work at eight.

我们通常八点就得上班。

Lily has to finish her project before Friday.

莉莉必须在周五前完成她的项目。

He doesn't have to return the book himself.

他不必自己还书。

Grammar in Use Complete the sentences with the correct form of have to/don't have to.

语法运用 用have to/don't have to的正确形式完成句子。

It's Friday. I don't have to go to school tomorrow.

今天是星期五，我明天不用去上学。

He has to finish his homework before watching TV.

他必须做完作业再看电视。

She doesn't have to practise the piano every day. She can practise playing it when she has time.

她不必每天都练琴，她可以在有空的时候练。

You have to be on time for the meeting.

你必须准时参加会议。

We have to wear uniforms to school on weekdays.

我们平日必须穿校服去上学。

Sue can't come. She has to take care of her sick grandma.

苏不能来，她要照顾生病的奶奶。

Unit 4

第四单元

Be going to

Be going to的用法

be going to 可以用于：

谈论未来的计划和意图。

She's going to move to Guangzhou next summer. (= She's planning to...)

她打算明年夏天搬去广州。（=她计划……）

根据已知预测未来。

Look at the dark clouds in the sky! It's going to rain.

看看天上的乌云！要下雨了。

be going to 的构成形式为 be (am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形。

肯定

He is going to visit his cousins next month.

他下个月要去看望他的表亲。

否定

He isn't (is not) going to visit his cousins next month.

他下个月不用去看望他的表亲。

疑问

Is he going to visit his cousins next month?

他下个月要去看望他的表亲吗？