译林版(初中)八年级下册英语Module 2 Rights and responsibilities跟读

Unit 5 Good manners

• Unit 5 Good manners

  第五单元 良好的礼仪

• You're old enough to learn about manners now, Hobo.

  霍波，现在你年纪够大，可以学学礼仪了。

• Eh? What do you mean?

  啊？你什么意思？

• First, always share your things with others.

  第一，总是和别人分享你的东西。

• Second, …

  第二，…

• Hey! That's my cake!

  嘿！那是我的蛋糕！

• Second, don't cut in on others. Always wait politely.

  第二，不要打断别人。要一直有礼貌地等着。

• You should learn about manners too. You're never too old to learn.

  你也应该学学礼仪。活到老，学到老。

• Learning about manners

  学习礼仪

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students are learning about manners. They are making a web page about a talk on good table manners.

  八年级一班的学生们正在学习礼仪。他们正在做一个关于良好的餐桌礼仪的讲座的网页。

• Task

  任务

• Make your web page about a talk on good manners.

  制作一个关于良好礼仪的讲座的网页。

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Welcome to the unit

  单元导入

• Doing the right things

  做正确的事情

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students are discussing the right and wrong things to do in public places. Look at the pictures below and match them with the phrases. Write the correct letters in the boxes.

  八年级一班的学生们正在讨论在公共场所做对与做错的事情。看下面的图片，并将它们与这些短语进行匹配。然后在方框里写上正确的字母。

• drop litter everywhere

  到处乱扔垃圾

• keep quiet in the library

  在图书馆保持安静

• obey traffic rules

  遵守交通规则

• leave the tap running

  让水龙头一直开着

• pick flowers in the park

  在公园里摘花

• queue for your turn

  排队等候你的顺序

• Amy and her cousin Shirley are discussing what they should and should not do in the library. Work in pairs and discuss what we should and should not do in a public place. Use the conversation below as a model.

  艾米和她的表妹雪莉正在讨论他们在图书馆应该和不应该做的事情。两人一组进行练习，讨论一下我们在公共场所应该和不应该做的事情。使用下面的对话作为模板。

• Can we chat in the library?

  我们能在图书馆聊天吗？

• I'm afraid not. We should keep quiet.

  恐怕不能。我们应该保持安静。

• Anything else?

  还有什么别的事情吗？

• Don't drop litter everywhere. Always keep the library clean.

  不要到处乱扔垃圾。要一直保持图书馆干净整洁。

• I see. Can we eat in the library?

  我明白了。我们能在图书馆吃东西吗？

• No, we can't eat there.

  不，我们不能在那里吃东西。

• Can we write in the books?

  我们能在书里面写字吗？

• No, we shouldn't write in the books, and we should put them back after reading.

  不，我们不应该在书里面写字，而且读完后我们应该把它们放回原处。

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Reading

  阅读

• When in Rome

  入乡随俗

• Daniel is hosting the school radio show this week. He is interviewing Jenny, a Grade 9 student, who has recently visited the UK.

  丹尼尔正在主持本周的学校广播节目。他正在采访一位最近参观了英国的九年级学生詹妮。

• Hi, everyone. Today we've invited Jenny to talk about manners in the UK. What's the proper way to greet people there, Jenny?

  大家好。今天我们邀请了詹妮来谈论英国的礼仪。詹妮，在那儿跟人打招呼的正确方式是什么？

• Well, British people say 'hello' or 'nice to meet you' and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time.

  嗯，当初次与你见面时，英国人会说“你好”或“很高兴认识你”，并且会和你握手。

• Do they greet people with a kiss?

  他们用亲吻这种方式打招呼吗？

• No. British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss.

  不。英国人只和亲戚或亲密的朋友用亲吻打招呼。

• How do people start a conversation?

  人们怎样开始对话？

• They talk about the weather, holidays, music, books or something else. But please avoid subjects like age, weight or money.

  他们谈论天气、假期、音乐、书籍或其他一些事情。但是请避免谈论像年龄、体重或金钱这样的话题。

• Do people there behave politely in public?

  那里的人在公众场合表现得礼貌吗？

• Yes, they do. They always queue. They think it's rude to push in before others. Also, if they bump into someone in the street, they'll say 'sorry'.

  是的，他们是。他们总是排队等候。他们认为在别人前面插队是粗鲁无礼的。而且，如果他们在街上撞到某个人的话，他们会说“对不起”。

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Yes, they do. They always queue. They think it's rude to push in before others. Also, if they bump into someone in the street, they'll say 'sorry'.

  是的，他们是。他们总是排队等候。他们认为在别人前面插队是粗鲁无礼的。而且，如果他们在街上撞到某个人的话，他们会说“对不起”。

• Anything else?

  还有什么别的事情吗？

• If you're in their way, they won't touch you or push past you. They'll say 'excuse me' and be polite enough to wait till you move.

  如果你挡了他们的路，他们不会碰你或从你身边挤过去。他们会说“劳驾”，并十分礼貌地一直等到你挪步。

• British people are very polite at home as well, aren't they?

  英国人在家里也同样很礼貌，是吗？

• Yes. They say 'please' and 'thank you' all the time!

  是的。他们一直会说“请”和“谢谢你”！

• Any other tips for us if we're going to the UK?

  如果我们打算去英国，还有什么其他建议给我们吗？

• Let me see. Oh, keep your voice down in public. British people don't like to shout or laugh loudly.

  让我想一想。噢，在公众场合要压低你的声音。英国人不喜欢大喊或大声笑。

• OK.Thanks, Jenny. Now we've learnt more about manners in the UK. I'm sure they're helpful to us.

  好的。谢谢詹妮。现在我们了解到了更多的英国礼仪。我确信它们会对我们有帮助的。

• I hope so. Just as the saying goes, 'When in Rome, do as the Romans do.'

  我希望如此。俗话说，“入乡随俗。”

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Good manners in the UK

  英国的良好礼仪

• Simon does not know some of the words in the interview. Help him match the words on the left with the meanings on the right. Write the correct letters in the blanks.

  西蒙不认识采访中的某些单词。请帮他将左边的单词与右边的意思进行匹配。并在空白处写上正确的字母。

• proper (line 2)

  符合习俗的；正确的（第2行）

• greet (line 2)

  问候，打招呼（第2行）

• conversation (line 7)

  谈话（第7行）

• avoid (line 9)

  避免（第9行）

• push in (line 11)

  插队（第11行）

• bump (line 12)

  撞，碰（第12行）

• a small talk

  闲聊

• try not to do something

  试图不做某事

• go in front of other people who are waiting

  走到正在排队等候的其他人前面

• hit someone or something by accident

  偶然撞到某人或某物

• right or correct

  正确的或合适的

• say hello to someone or welcome them

  向某人问好或欢迎他们

• Simon is trying to make sure that he remembers what Jenny talked about on the radio. Help him tick a happy face for what British people do and a sad face for what they do not do.

  西蒙正努力确保他记得詹妮在广播中所说的话。请帮他给英国人所做的事情勾个笑脸，给英国人不做的事情勾个哭脸。

• Greeting: say 'hello' or 'nice to meet you'

  打招呼：说“你好”或“很高兴认识你”

• shake hands

  握手

• usually greet people with a kiss

  通常用亲吻的方式打招呼

• talk about the weather, holidays, music or books

  谈论天气、假期、音乐或书籍

• talk about age, weight or money

  谈论年龄、体重或金钱

• In public: queue for something

  在公共场合：排队等候做某事

• push in before others

  在别人前面插队

• say 'sorry' if they bump into others

  如果他们撞到别人会说“对不起”

• push past people

  从人们身边挤过去

• shout or laugh loudly

  大喊或大笑

• At home: say 'please' and 'thank you' all the time

  在家里：一直说“请”和“谢谢你”

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Jenny is writing an article about good manners in the UK for the school newsletter. Help her complete her article with the correct words.

  詹妮正在给学校的时事通讯写一篇关于英国的良好礼仪的文章。使用正确的单词，帮她完成她的文章。

• Good manners in the UK

  英国的良好礼仪

• British people usually say 'hello' or 'nice to meet you' and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time. They only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with subjects like the weather, holidays, music or books. They avoid talking about age, weight or money.

  当初次与你见面时，英国人通常会说“你好”或“很高兴认识你”，并且会和你握手。他们只和亲戚或亲密的朋友用亲吻打招呼。他们喜欢以像天气、假期、音乐或书籍等这样的话题来开始对话。他们避免谈论年龄、体重或金钱。

• British people think it is rude to push in before others. They always queue. They say 'sorry' if they bump into you in the street. When they want you to move, they say 'excuse me'. They do not like to shout or laugh loudly in public. British people are very polite at home too. They say 'please' or 'thank you'all the time.

  英国人认为在别人前面插队是粗鲁无礼的。他们总在排队等候。如果他们在街上撞到你，他们会说“对不起”。当他们想让你让路时，他们会说“劳驾”。他们不喜欢在公众场合大喊或大声笑。英国人在家里也非常礼貌。他们一直会说“请”或“谢谢你”。

• 'When in Rome, do as the Romans do.' When we are in a strange place, we should do as the local people do.

  “入乡随俗。”当我们身处在一个陌生地方时，我们应该按当地人那样做。

• Talking about manners in China

  谈论中国的礼仪

• Daniel is thinking about the differences in manners between the UK and China. Work in pairs and discuss his questions below with your partner.

  丹尼尔正在思考中国与英国在礼仪方面的区别。两人一组进行练习，和你的搭档讨论一下下面的问题。

• How do we greet each other?

  我们是怎样跟对方打招呼的？

• How do we usually start a conversation?

  我们通常会如何开始对话？

• Do we always queue?

  我们总是排队等候吗？

• What do we do if someone is in our way?

  如果有人挡住我们的路，我们会怎么做？

• Do we shout or laugh loudly in public?

  在公众场合我们会大喊或大声笑吗？

• Do we say 'please' and 'thank you' at home?

  我们在家里会说“请”和“谢谢你”吗？

• Do we need to improve our manners?

  我们需要改善我们的礼仪吗？

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Grammar

  语法

• Using enough to

  使用enough to

• We can use 'to be + adjective + enough + to-infinitive' to describe a person's personality and abilities.

  我们可以使用“to be + 形容词 + enough + to do”的结构来描述一个人的品质和能力。

• You are old enough to learn about manners.

  你年纪够大，可以学学礼仪了。

• If you are in their way, British people will be polite enough to wait till you move.

  如果你挡了他们的路，英国人会十分礼貌地一直等到你挪步。

• Suzy's friends

  苏西的朋友

• Suzy wants to tell her parents what she thinks about her friends. Help her make sentences using 'to be + adjective + enough + to-infinitive'.

  苏西想告诉她父母她对朋友的想法。使用“to be + 形容词 + enough + to do”结构，帮她造句。

• Daniel is kind enough to help his friends any time.

  丹尼尔十分善良，随时乐于帮助他的朋友。

• Daniel

  丹尼尔

• Millie is patient enough to listen carefully when others speak.

  当别人说话时，米莉有足够的耐心来认真听。

• Millie

  米莉

• Sandy is careful enough to notice small changes around her.

  桑迪十分细心，可以注意到她周围的细微变化。

• Sandy

  桑迪

• Kitty is generous enough to share her things with others.

  基蒂十分慷慨，乐于和别人分享她的东西。

• Kitty

  基蒂

• Simon is polite enough to queue in public.

  在公众场合，西蒙会十分礼貌地排队等候。

• Simon

  西蒙

• Amy is funny enough to make everyone laugh after class.

  艾米十分有趣，课后可以让大家发笑。

• Amy

  艾米

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Using too … to

  使用too…to

• We can use'to be + too + adjective + to-infinitive' to express a negative result.

  我们可以使用“to be + too + 形容词 + to do”的结构来表达一个否定的结果。

• British people are very polite. They do not shout loudly in public.

  英国人非常有礼貌。他们不会在公共场合大声喊。

• British people are too polite to shout loudly in public.

  英国人太有礼貌了，不会在公共场合大声笑。

• British people are very polite. They will not push past you.

  英国人非常有礼貌。他们不会从你身边挤过去。

• British people are too polite to push past you.

  英国人太有礼貌了，不会从你身边挤过去。

• Sometimes we need to add for someone before the to-infinitive.

  在to do这个不定式前面，有时我们需要加介词for引出某人。

• The UK is very far away. Jenny cannot go there on her own.

  英国非常遥远。詹妮不能独自去那儿。

• The UK is too far away for Jenny to go to on her own.

  英国太遥远了，詹妮不能独自去那儿。

• After the radio show

  广播节目后

• The radio show is over. Millie wants to write about that day in her diary. Help her rewrite the sentences with 'to be + too + adjective + to-infinitive'.

  广播节目结束了。米莉想在她的日记里记述那天的事情。使用“to be + too + 形容词 + to do”这个结构，帮她改写这些句子。

• Suzy was very shy. She did not join the discussion.

  苏西非常害羞。她不会加入这次讨论。

• Simon was very excited. He did not express himself clearly.

  西蒙非常兴奋。他无法清楚地表达自己。

• Peter was slow. He could not write down all the main points.

  彼得太慢了。他不能写下所有的要点。

• Amy was careless. She did not take her hat with her when she left.

  艾米太粗心了。当她离开时，她没有带走她的帽子。

• Kitty was very busy with her dancing lessons. She did not listen to the radio.

  基蒂一直忙着她的舞蹈课。她没有听广播。

• Work out the rule!

  得出规律！

• We often use 'to be + too + adjective + to-infinitive' to express a negative result.

  我们经常使用“to be + too + 形容词 + to do”的结构来表达一个否定的结果。

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Integrated skills

  综合技能

• Public signs

  公共标志

• Amy is talking with her cousin Shirley about signs used in public places. Listen to the first part of their conversation and help Shirley complete her notes.

  艾米正在和她的表妹雪莉谈论在公共场所使用的标志。听他们对话中的第一部分，并帮雪莉完成她的笔记。

• Public signs

  公共标志

• Are used in public places

  在公共场所使用

• Often(1)______ in colours

  通常颜色______

• Often have (2)_______ on them

  通常有_______

• Help explain things and give us useful information

  帮助解释事物，提供有用信息

• Help us find our(3)______

  帮我们找到______

• Tell us about the (4)______ around us

  告诉我们周围的______

• Keep us (5)______ from danger

  让我们远离危险

• Warn us (6)______ something

  警告我们______

• Listen to the second part of the conversation. Help Shirley write the missing information in the table below.

  听这段对话的第二部分。帮雪莉在下列表格中写上遗漏的信息。

• Sign

  标志

• Meaning

  含义

• Usually seen

  通常可见

• in (1) ______

  在______

• in (2)______

  在______

• in (3)______

  在______

• in (4) ______

  在______

• No smoking

  禁止吸烟

• No photos

  禁止拍照

• No parking

  禁止停车

• No littering

  请勿乱扔废弃物

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Shirley is writing a report on public signs. Help her complete her report. Fill in the blanks with the information in Parts A1 and A2.

  雪莉正在写一份有关公共标志的报告。请帮她完成她的报告。使用A1和A2部分的信息填空。

• Public signs

  公共标志

• We can see different public signs in places like (1)______,(2)______, streets and (3)______. They are often bright in colours and have (4)______ on them. Public signs help (5)______ things. Most of them give us(6)______ information. They help us (7)______, tell us about the (8)______, keep us(9)______and warn us (10)______. Here are some examples:

  我们可以在______，______，街道和______等地方看到不同的公共标志。它们通常颜色鲜艳，上面有______。 公共标志帮助______事物。大部分为我们______信息。他们帮助我们______,告诉我们______,使我们______并且警告我们______。 下面是一些例子:

• Speak up: Please don't take photos.

  大声地说：请不要拍照。

• Mr Zhao, Amy's father, is visiting an art museum with Amy and Shirley. They are talking softly in the museum. Work in groups and warn your group members not to do something. Use the conversation below as a model.

  艾米的父亲赵先生正在和艾米及雪莉参观一个美术馆。他们正在美术馆里轻声地交谈。两人一组进行练习，警告你的组员不要做某事。使用下面的对话作为模板。

• Look at this famous painting by Picasso.

  快看毕加索的这幅名画。

• Wow! It's excellent! Let me take a photo of it.

  哇！太好看了！让我给它拍张照吧。

• Please don't take photos, Amy.

  艾米，请不要拍照。

• Why not?

  为什么不要？

• Look at the sign. It says 'No photos'. We shouldn't take photos here.

  看看这个标志。上面说“禁止拍照”。我们不应该在这里拍照。

• Sorry, I didn't notice that sign just now.

  对不起，我刚才没注意到那个标志。

• Come and see, Amy! I've seen this painting before.

  艾米，快过来看！我以前看见过这幅画。

• OK. I'm coming, but we shouldn't shout in the museum, Shirley.

  好的。我来了，但是我们不应该在博物馆里大声喊，雪莉。

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Study skills

  学习技能

• Using English sayings

  使用英语谚语

• A saying is a short wise statement that usually gives advice or expresses some truth about life.

  谚语是一个言简意赅而又富有智慧的语句，它通常用于提建议或表达有关生活的一些真理。

• When in Rome, do as the Romans do.

  入乡随俗。

• (When you are in a foreign country or a situation you are not familiar with, you should behave in the way that the people around you behave.)

  （当你在外国或一个你不熟悉的环境时，你应该以你周围那些人的行为方式来行事。）

• Many traditional sayings are still in general use today. Sometimes they are a great help if you need some wise words to express your ideas. They make what you say or write simple and vivid.

  许多传统的谚语至今仍在普遍使用。有时，如果你需要一些格言来表达你的想法，他们会有很大帮助。他们使你所说或所写的话变得简单而又生动。

• Sandy collected some sayings. Help her match the sayings with their meanings. Write the correct letters in the boxes.

  桑迪收集了一些谚语。请帮她将这些谚语与它们的意思进行配对。并在方框里写上正确的字母。

• everybody will be lucky or successful sometime in their life

  每个人在他们的一生中都会有走运或成功的时候

• when one bad thing happens to you, other bad things happen soon after

  当你身上发生了一件坏事时，不久以后其他坏事就会跟着发生

• you have to do something before others in order to be successful

  为了获得成功，你必须先于别人行事

• if lots of people share the work, it will make a job easier to complete

  如果许多人分担工作的话，要完成它就变得更容易

• what other people have always seems better than your own

  别人所拥有的东西似乎总比你自己的要好

• risk losing everything all at one time

  冒险同时失去所有的一切

• the early bird catches the worm

  早起的鸟儿有虫吃

• it never rains but it pours

  不雨则已，一雨倾盆

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• many hands make light work

  众人拾柴火焰高

• every dog has its day

  人人皆有得意时

• put all your eggs in one basket

  孤注一掷

• the grass is always greener on the other side

  邻家芳草绿

• Mr Wu has prepared some sayings for the students. Help the students complete the sentences with the correct sayings.

  吴老师已经给学生们准备了一些谚语。使用正确的谚语，帮学生们完成这些句子。

• actions speak louder than words

  事实胜于雄辩

• no pain, no gain

  一份耕耘，一份收获

• a friend in need is a friend indeed

  患难见真情

• practice makes perfect

  熟能生巧

• burn the candle at both ends

  蜡烛两头烧

• Just as the saying goes, 'no pain, no gain.' My cousin has made his dream come true after years of hard work.

  正如谚语所说，“一份耕耘，一份收获。”经过多年的艰苦工作之后，我的堂兄终于使他的梦想成真。

• Practice makes perfect. If you keep practising speaking English every day, you will be better at it.

  熟能生巧。如果你坚持每天练习说英语，你就会更擅长它。

• Do not try to do many things at one time. Otherwise, you will become tired out. Remember, you cannot burn the candle at both ends.

  不要尝试同时做许多事情。否则，你会变得筋疲力尽。记住，你不能蜡烛两头烧。

• He always gives his friends help when they need it because he knows that a friend in need is a friend indeed.

  他总是在朋友需要帮助的时候，给予他们帮助；因为他知道患难见真情。

• Dad never says that he is good at cooking, but in fact he is. He always cooks delicious meals for us, that is, actions speak louder than words.

  爸爸从来不说他擅长烹饪，但事实上他是。他总是给我们做美味可口的饭菜，换句话说，事实胜于雄辩。

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Task

  任务

• Table manners

  餐桌礼仪

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students are going to give a talk on good table manners. They are making a plan for the talk. Read their plan below.

  八年级一班的学生们打算举行一个关于良好的餐桌礼仪的讲座。他们正在为这次讲座制定计划。阅读他们下面的计划。

• Name of the talk

  讲座的名称

• Good table manners

  良好的餐桌礼仪

• Purpose of the talk

  讲座的目的

• Teach students rules for eating

  教学生饮食规则

• Time

  时间

• 10 a.m., 12 May

  5月12日上午10点

• Place

  地点

• The school hall

  学校大厅

• Content

  内容

• Do not start eating until everyone is ready.

  直到大家都准备好了，才开始吃。

• Do not make too much noise while eating or drinking.

  不要在吃喝的时候，制造太多噪音。

• Do not eat with your mouth open.

  不要张着嘴吃。

• Do not talk with food in your mouth.

  不要在嘴里含着食物讲话。

• Do not reach over someone's plate for something.

  不要越过他人的盘子够东西。

• Wait for everyone to finish before you leave the table.

  在你离席之前，要等大家都吃完了。

• Conclusion

  结论

• We should know these rules to make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.

  我们应该了解这些规则以确保主客双方用餐时轻松舒适。

• Useful expressions

  常用表达

• … is/are going to hold a talk on …

  …打算举行一个关于…的讲座

• The purpose of the talk is to teach … about …

  讲座的目的是要教…关于…

• It will take place at/in … at … on …

  它将会在…月…日…点举行

• When you …, you should …

  当你…，你应该…

• You should not …

  你不应该…

• It is impolite to …

  …是不礼貌的

• Always remember to …

  始终记住…

• Unit 5

  第五单元

• Amy and Daniel are making a web page about their talk on the school website. Read their plan on page 76 again. Then help them complete the page.

  艾米和丹尼尔正在给学校网页上的讲座做一个网页。再读一遍76页上面的计划。然后帮他们完成这个网页。

• Name

  名称

• Good table manners

  良好的餐桌礼仪

• Purpose

  目的

• We are going to hold a talk on good table manners. The purpose of the talk is to teach students rules for eating.

  我们打算举行一个有关良好的餐桌礼仪的讲座。讲座的目的是要教学生饮食规则。

• Time and place

  时间和地点

• It will take place at 10 a.m. on 12 May at the school hall.

  它将会于5月12日上午10点在学校大厅举行。

• Content

  内容

• There will be a lot of rules on table manners. We hope you will find them useful. Above all, when you are sitting at the table, you should not start eating until everyone is ready, and it is impolite to make too much noise while eating or drinking. You should not eat with your mouth open or talk with food in your mouth. Also, do not reach over someone's plate for something. Before you leave, wait for everyone to finish.

  将会有许多有关餐桌礼仪的建议。我们希望你会发现它们很有用。首要的是，当你坐在餐桌旁边时，你应该直到大家都准备好了才开始吃，而且在吃喝的时候，制造太多噪音是不礼貌的。你不应该张着嘴吃，或在嘴里含着食物讲话。另外，你不要越过他人的盘子够东西。在你离席之前，要等大家都吃完了。

• Conclusion

  结论

• These rules are important because we should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.

  这些规则很重要，因为我们应该确保主客双方用餐时轻松舒适。

• Your class is planning a talk about other aspects of good manners. Work in pairs. Make a plan and create your own web page.

  你们班正在计划一个关于其他方面的良好礼仪的讲座。两人一组进行练习。制定一个计划，并创建你们自己的网页。

• Self-assessment

  自我评估

• I have learnt

  我已经学会了

• Details

  细节

• Result

  成绩

• about good manners in the UK.

  关于英国的良好礼仪。

• to use the new words to talk about manners.

  使用新单词来谈论礼仪。

• to use enough to. to use too … to.

  使用enough to。 使用too…to。

• to use English sayings.

  使用英语谚语。

• Result:

  成绩：

• Excellent!

  优秀！

• Good!

  良好！

• Not bad!

  一般！

• I need to spend more time on ________________.

  我需要在_________上面花更多时间。

Unit 6 Sunshine for all

• Unit 6 Sunshine for all

  第六单元 阳光照耀所有人

• Hobo, what are you doing?

  霍波，你在做什么？

• I'm training to be a volunteer for the Olympic Games.

  我正在成为一名奥林匹克运动会志愿者做训练。

• Will you support me, Eddie?

  埃迪，你愿意支持我吗？

• Sure. It's meaningful to do something for the Olympics.

  当然。为奥运会做事很有意义。

• Here you are.

  给你。

• No. I don't need money. I want you to help me.

  不。我不需要钱。我想要你帮我。

• How can I help then?

  那我该怎么帮你？

• I need some more food to eat at work.

  在训练时，我需要更多的一些食物来吃。

• Trying our best to help

  尽我们最大的努力帮忙

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about people who need help. They are discussing what they can do for people in need.

  八年级一班的学生们正在谈论那些需要帮助的人。他们正在讨论他们能为那些需要帮助的人做些什么。

• Task

  任务

• Write a letter asking people to help those in need.

  写一封请求人们去帮助那些有需要的人的信。

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Welcome to the unit

  单元导入

• People who need help

  需要帮助的人

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students have found some pictures of people who need help. Write the correct words under them. Then put a tick (✓) in the boxes if you have ever helped these people.

  八年级一班的学生们找到了一些需要帮助的人的图片。在它们下面，写上正确的单词。如果你曾经帮助过这些人，那就在方框里打个勾（✓）。

• blind

  瞎的

• deaf

  聋的

• disabled

  残疾的

• elderly

  年老的

• homeless

  无家可归的

• poor

  贫穷的

• a disabled person

  一位残疾人

• a poor person

  一位穷人

• a blind person

  一位盲人

• an elderly person

  一位老年人

• a homeless person

  一位无家可归的人

• deaf people

  聋人

• Amy and Daniel are talking about people who need help. Work in pairs and discuss the people in Part A. Use the conversation below as a model.

  艾米和丹尼尔正在谈论那些需要帮助的人。两人一组进行练习，讨论一下A部分的那些人。使用下面的对话作为模板。

• There are still some people who need help. Will the government do something for them?

  仍有一些需要帮助的人。 政府会采取措施帮助他们吗？

• Sure. For example, there are some homeless people. Usually the government provides special places for them to stay.

  当然。例如，有一些无家可归的人。通常情况下，政府会为他们提供特殊的住处。

• What dose the government do for disabled people?

  政府会做些什么来帮助残疾人呢？

• There are some special designs in public places for them.

  公共场所有一些特别的设计为他们提供便利。

• Will the businesses do something for these people?

  企业会为这些人做点什么吗？

• Yes, of course. Many big businesses spend a lot of money helping people in need every year.

  是的，当然会。许多大企业每年都花很多钱帮助有需要的人。

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Reading

  阅读

• The Special Olympics World Games

  特殊奥林匹克世界运动会

• The 12th Special Olympics World Games were successfully held in Shanghai in 2007. Simon is reading a report on the experience of a volunteer. Here is the report.

  2007年，上海成功举办了第12届特殊奥林匹克世界运动会。西蒙正在阅读一份有关一位志愿者的经历的报告。这就是那份报告。

• Volunteering for the Special Olympics World Games

  为特殊奥林匹克世界运动会做志愿者

• Liu Ming did not know what to expect when he volunteered for the Special Olympics World Summer Games in Shanghai, back in October 2007. Now he thinks it was the most amazing experience of his life. 'It's fantastic to work as a volunteer!' he says.

  当刘明准备为2007年10月在上海举办的夏季特奥会做志愿者时，他不知道能期待什么。现在他认为那是他一生中最令人惊叹的经历。“当一名志愿者真的很了不起！”他说。

• The Special Olympics World Games give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world. They include many events similar to those in the Olympics, such as basketball, football and swimming.

  特奥会给有智力缺陷的孩子和成人一个向全世界展示能力的机会。它们包括很多与奥运会类似的项目，如篮球、足球和游泳。

• Over 40,000 people gave up their spare time for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games. It was necessary for these volunteers to receive training before doing the tasks. Then they provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success.

  为了2007年的特奥会，4万多人放弃了他们的业余时间。在完成任务之前，这些志愿者很有必要去接受训练。然后他们为运动员提供支持，使本届特奥会取得很大的成功。

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Over 40,000 people gave up their spare time for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games. It was necessary for these volunteers to receive training before doing the tasks. Then they provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success.

  为了2007年的特奥会，4万多人放弃了他们的业余时间。在完成任务之前，这些志愿者很有必要去接受训练。然后他们为运动员提供支持，使本届特奥会取得很大的成功。

• 'I was the swimming coach for a young boy from North China called Li Hai, 'says Liu Ming. 'He was born with intellectual disabilities. It was very brave of him to join the competition. To Li Hai, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part. Li Hai tried his best and finished fourth.He feels more confident now because of the Special Olympics World Games.'

  “我是一位来自华北地区名叫李海的小男孩的游泳教练，”刘明说。“他生下来就有智力缺陷。可以参加这次比赛，他非常勇敢。对李海来说，最重要的事情不是赢得金牌或银牌，而是重在参与。李海尽了最大努力并取得第四名。由于这次特奥会，他现在感觉更自信了。”

• The Special Olympics World Games also bring people together. Athletes and volunteers from different backgrounds feel like part of one big family. 'It's great for us to work closely with these special athletes. You get to help them achieve their dreams,' says Liu Ming.

  特奥会也使人们聚在了一起。来自不同背景的运动员和志愿者感觉就像一个大家庭的一部分。“能和这些特殊运动员们密切合作真的很棒。你有机会帮助他们实现梦想。”刘明说。

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Special Olympics World Games volunteers

  特奥会的志愿者

• Simon is reading about the special Olympics World Games. Here are the main points of the paragraphs in the report. Where can he find the information? Help him fill in the blanks with the correct numbers of the paragraphs.

  西蒙正在阅读有关特奥会的事情。这是报告中那些段落的要点。他可以在哪儿找到信息？使用段落的正确序号，来帮他填空。

• Main points

  要点

• Paragraphs

  段落

• An introduction to the Special Olympics World Games

  对特奥会的介绍

• Liu Ming's experience

  刘明的经历

• Liu Ming's feelings about the event

  刘明对比赛项目的感受

• What volunteers do for the event

  志愿者们为比赛项目做些什么

• Simon is chatting online with his cousin Annie about volunteering for the Special Olympics World Games. Replace each of the underlined parts with a word or phrase from the report.

  西蒙正在网上和他的表妹安妮聊为特奥会做志愿者的事情。使用报告中的单词或短语，替换每个划线部分。

• Have you heard of the international sports festival for people with intellectual disabilities?

  你听说过为有智力缺陷的人举办的国际运动节吗？

• Yes, and I know some people offer to help without getting paid for the event. How do they help?

  是的，而且我知道有些人不计报酬地为这个运动节提供帮助。他们是如何帮忙的？

• They give up their time when they're not working or busy to provide help and support. I read about one volunteer. He was the person who provided swimming lessons for a boy called Li Hai.

  当他们不工作或不忙的时候，他们就放弃自己的时间来提供帮助和支持。我读过有关一位志愿者的故事。他就是给一个名叫李海的男孩上游泳课的那个人。

• Did Li Hai win first prize?

  李海获一等奖了吗？

• No. He finished fourth, but he feels more sure he can do better now.

  没有。他取得了第四名，但是他更确信他现在可以做得更好。

• It's great to help those special athletes make their dreams come true.

  能帮助那些特殊运动员实现他们的梦想，真的很棒。

• Yes. Maybe that's why this event is so different from other usual games!

  是的。也许那就是这次比赛很不同于往常其他比赛的原因！

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Annie learnt about the special Olympics World Games from Simon and made some notes. Write a T if a sentence is true or an F if it is false.

  安妮从西蒙那里了解到了特奥会，并做了一些笔记。如果句子正确，写上一个T；如果句子错误，写上一个F。

• Liu Ming was a volunteer for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games.

  刘明是一位2007年特奥会的志愿者。

• Liu Ming knew what to expect before he became a volunteer.

  在成为一名志愿者之前，刘明知道该期待什么。

• There were only a few events in the 2007 Special Olympics World Games.

  在2007年特奥会中，只有几个运动项目。

• There were over 40,000 volunteers for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games.

  2007年特奥会有4万多名志愿者。

• Li Hai was born with intellectual disabilities.

  李海生下来就有智力缺陷。

• Li Hai was sure to win the swimming competition.

  李海必定会赢得游泳比赛。

• Amy is asking Simon some questions about the Special Olympics World Games. Help Simon answer her questions with the words in the report.

  艾米正在询问西蒙一些关于特奥会的问题。使用报告中的单词，帮西蒙回答她的问题。

• What are the Special Olympics World Games for?

  特奥会举办的目的是什么？

• They give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world.

  它们给有智力缺陷的孩子和成人一个向全世界展示能力的机会。

• Where were the 2007 Special Olympics World Summer Games held?

  2007年夏季特奥会是在哪儿举办的？

• They were held in Shanghai.

  它们是在上海举办的。

• What events are included in the Special Olympics World Games?

  特奥会包括什么项目？

• They include many events similar to those in the Olympic Games, such as basketball, football and swimming.

  它们包括很多与奥运会类似的项目，如篮球、足球和游泳。

• Are there any volunteers for the Special Olympics World Games?

  特奥会有一些志愿者吗？

• Yes. They get to help those special athletes realize their dreams.

  有。他们有机会帮助那些特殊运动员实现梦想。

• Is it interesting to become a volunteer?

  成为一名志愿者很有趣吗？

• Yes, of course. Being a volunteer for such an event is often an amazing experience.

  是的，当然有趣。为这样一个运动项目做志愿者通常是一次令人惊叹的经历。

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Grammar

  语法

• It is + adjective + to-infinitive

  It is + 形容词 + to do

• We use 'It is + adjective + to-infinitive' to express what we think about something.

  我们使用“It is + 形容词 + to do”的结构来表达我们对某事持什么看法。

• It is + adjective + to-infinitive

  It is + 形容词 + to do

• It is fantastic to work as a volunteer.

  当一名志愿者真了不起。

• It is important to support the Special Olympics World Games.

  支持特奥会很重要。

• Ways to help

  帮忙的方式

• Amy is thinking about what she can do to help society. Help her use the words in brackets and those in the box to make sentences.

  艾米正在思考她能帮社会做些什么事。帮她使用括号内以及方框里的单词造句。

• donate

  捐献

• give

  给予

• help

  帮助

• keep

  保持

• plant

  种植

• take care of

  照顾

• It is right to give seats to the elderly.

  给老年人让座是对的。

• It is good to help blind people cross the road.

  帮助盲人过马路是好心的。

• It is helpful to donate money to charities.

  给慈善机构捐钱是有帮助的。

• It is proper to take care of a lost pet.

  照顾迷路的宠物是应当的。

• It is important to plant more trees.

  种植更多的树木是很重要的。

• It is necessary to keep parks clean.

  保持公园的干净是有必要的。

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• It is + adjective + for … + to-infinitive

  It is + 形容词 + for…+to do

• We can use 'It is + adjective + for … + to-infinitive' to specify who we are talking about.

  我们可以使用“It is + 形容词 + for…+ to do”的结构来指明我们正在谈论谁。

• TIP We can use a noun, a proper noun or a pronoun after for.

  提示 在介词for后面，我们可以使用一个名词、专有名词或代词。

• It is + adjective + for + someone + to-infinitive

  It is + 形容词 + for + 某人 + to do

• It is important for people to learn good manners.

  对人们来说，学习良好的礼仪是很重要的。

• It is difficult for Li Hai to win the competition.

  对李海来说，赢得比赛是很难的。

• It is possible for her to work for the charity on Saturday.

  对她来说，星期六为慈善机构工作是有可能的。

• Asking about the voluntary work

  询问有关志愿工作的事情

• Simon is a volunteer now. He works for people with intellectual disabilities. Amy is asking him about his work. Complete their conversation with the phrases in the box.

  西蒙现在是一名志愿者。他为那些有智力缺陷的人工作。艾米正在询问有关他工作的事情。使用方框里的这些短语，完成他们的对话。

• easy for people

  对人们来说很容易

• important for us

  对我们来说很重要

• necessary for volunteers

  对志愿者们来说很有必要

• fantastic for me

  对我来说很棒

• impossible for them

  对他们来说不可能

• wonderful for you

  对你来说极好

• Why do you want to be a volunteer?

  为什么你想成为一名志愿者？

• Because any help would mean a lot. Many organizations provide help for people with intellectual disabilities, but it's impossible for them to do their work one-to-one without the help of volunteers.

  因为任何帮助都将意义重大。许多机构会给那些有智力缺陷的人提供帮助，但是没有志愿者们的帮忙，它们不可能一对一地做好工作。

• It's wonderful for you to be a volunteer. Do you need experience?

  对你来说，当一名志愿者是极好的。你们需要经验吗？

• No. It's not important for us to have any experience, but it's very necessary for volunteers to be kind and friendly.

  不需要。对我们来说，有一些经验是不重要的，但是对志愿者们来说善良友好是很有必要的。

• What are your tasks?

  你的任务是什么？

• I'm in the sports group. I chat with them, help them practise and make sure they're safe. I think it's fantastic for me to work with these special people.

  我是在体育团。我和他们聊天，帮助他们练习，并确保他们是安全的。我认为与这些特殊的人一起工作对我来说是很棒的。

• Do you have any trouble talking to people with intellectual disabilities?

  你和那些有智力缺陷的人谈话有一些困难吗？

• Yes, a little. We need to be more patient. However, it's very easy for people to make friends with them.

  有，一点点。我们需要更有耐心。然而，对人们来说和他们交朋友是很容易的。

• Work out the rule!

  得出规律！

• We can use object pronouns after for.

  在介词for后面，我们可以使用人称代词的宾格。

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• It is + adjective + of … + to-infinitive

  It is + 形容词 + of … + to do

• We can use 'It is + adjective + of … + to-infinitive' to express what we think of someone's actions.

  我们可以使用“It is + 形容词 + of…+ to do”的结构来表达我们对某人的行为持什么看法。

• TIP We often use these adjectives in this structure. brave careless clever good helpful kind nice polite

  提示 我们经常将brave，careless，clever，good，helpful，kind，nice，polite等这些形容词用于这个结构当中。

• It is + adjective + of + someone + to-infinitive

  It is + 形容词 + of + 某人 + to do

• It is kind of these volunteers to work in their spare time.

  这些志愿者真好心，在业余时间来工作。

• It is brave of him to take part in the competition.

  他真勇敢，参加了这次比赛。

• Good or bad?

  好还是坏？

• Mr Wu wants to know what the Class 1, Grade 8 students think about the actions below. Help them organize their thoughts by rearranging the words below to form sentences.

  吴老师想知道八年级一班的学生们对下面这些行为持什么看法。通过将下面的单词重新排列成句，帮他们组织思路。

• It is careless of the boy to leave the tap running.

  这个男孩真粗心，让水龙头一直开着。

• It is bad of the girl to pick flowers in the park.

  这个女孩真坏，居然在公园里摘花。

• It is wrong of the people to drop litter everywhere.

  到处乱扔垃圾的这些人是不对的。

• It is kind of the young man to donate blood to people in need.

  这个年轻人真好心，捐血给需要的人。

• It is not right of the man to smoke in public places.

  在公共场所吸烟的这个人是不对的。

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Integrated skills

  综合技能

• Working in a mountain area

  在山区工作

• Peter's cousin Judy is telling him about a volunteer project. Listen carefully. Help Peter answer the following questions by choosing the correct answers.

  彼得的表姐朱迪正在告诉他关于一个志愿者项目的事情。认真听录音。帮助彼得选择正确的答案来回答下列问题。

• What is Judy?

  朱迪是干什么的？

• A college student.

  一位大学生。

• A primary school teacher.

  一位小学老师。

• Where is she going?

  她要去哪儿？

• South-west China.

  中国西南方。

• North-west China.

  中国西北方。

• Why is she going there?

  为什么她要去那儿？

• For a volunteer project.

  为了一个志愿者项目。

• For a training plan.

  为了一个培训计划。

• What will she do there?

  她将在那儿做什么？

• Teach in a primary school.

  在一所小学教学。

• Work in the fields.

  在田野里干活。

• How long will she stay there?

  她将在那儿呆多久？

• For one year.

  一年。

• For three months.

  三个月。

• How can Peter and Judy keep in touch?

  彼得和朱迪如何保持联系？

• By writing emails.

  通过写电子邮件。

• By talking on the phone.

  通过讲电话。

• Judy is talking to Peter on the phone about her experience. Listen to their conversation and help Peter complete his notes.

  朱迪正在电话里和彼得谈论她的经历。听他们的对话，并帮助彼得完成他的笔记。

• a very (1)______ school in a (2)______ area only (3)______ claissrooms

  一个非常______学校在______地区只有______教室

• live in villages (4)______ walk for more than (5)______ to get to school

  住在村庄______ 步行超过______到达学校

• teaches them Chinese, (6) ______ and Maths teaches them (7)______ after class gives them a lot of (8)______

  教他们语文，______和数学 课后教他们______ 给他们很多______

• meaningful to learn more about (9)______ of China helpful to (10)______ the children there

  了解更多有关中国的______很有意义 对______那里的孩子有帮助

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Peter is writing about Judy and the village school in his diary. Help him complete his diary entry with the information in Parts A1 and A2.

  彼得正在他的日记里记述着朱迪以及乡村小学的事情。使用A1和A2部分的信息，帮他完成日记。

• My cousin Judy has taken part in a (1)______ in her college. She works as a primary school (2)______ in North-west China for(3)______. The school is very (4)______. There are only (5)______ in the school. Most of the students live (6)______and they have to walk for more than (7)______to get to school. Judy works hard there. She teaches them Chinese, (8)______and Maths. After class, she sometimes teaches them (9)______. She also gives them (10)______to read. Judy thinks it is meaningful for college students to learn more about(11)______of China. It is also helpful of them to (12)______the children there. In this way, they can help the local people improve their lives.

  我的表姐朱迪在她的大学里参加了一个______。她在中国西北部当一名小学学校______。 这所学校非常______。学校里只有______。大多数学生住在______，他们必须步行超过______才能到达学校。 朱迪在那里工作很努力。她教他们语文、______和数学。课后，她有时会教他们______。她还给他们______读。 朱迪认为对大学生来说，更多地了解中国的______是很有意义的。他们______那里的孩子也很有帮助。通过这种方式，他们可以帮助当地人改善生活。

• Speak up: How can we help people in our daily lives?

  大声地说：在日常生活中，我们可以如何帮助他人？

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students are discussing how they can help people in their daily lives. Work in groups and talk about this topic. Use the conversation below as a model.

  八年级一班的学生们正在讨论在日常生活中他们可以如何帮助他人。小组活动，谈论一下这个话题。使用下面的对话作为模板。

• How can we help people in our daily lives?

  在日常生活中，我们可以如何帮助他人？

• We can save our pocket money and donate it to those in need.

  我们可以节省我们的零用钱，并把它捐给那些需要的人。

• I agree. And it's meaningful to work as volunteers at community centres or in libraries at the weekend.

  我同意。周末，在社区活动中心或在图书馆里当志愿者也是很有意义的。

• We can also give food to homeless people.

  我们也可以把食物赠送给无家可归的人。

• Yes. And it's good to give our seats on the bus to the elderly.

  是的。在公共汽车上给老年人让座也不错。

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Study skills

  学习技能

• Organzing your ideas

  组织思路

• An article is often made up of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. However, we can organize our ideas in different ways according to the type of writing.

  一篇文章通常是由三部分组成：引言，正文和结论。然而，我们可以根据写作类型，使用不同的方法来组织我们的思路。

• Time order We use this method when we write about an experience or an event.

  时间顺序 当我们记述一段经历或一个事件时，我们使用这种方法。

• Topic: A trip to Nanjing First, … Next, … Then … Finally, …

  标题：一次南京之旅 首先，… 其次，… 然后，… 最后，…

• Space order We use this method when we describe a place or an object.

  空间顺序 当我们描写一个地方或一个物体时，我们使用这种方法。

• Topic: My bedroom The door … My bed … The computer on my desk … The window …

  标题：我的卧室 门… 我的床… 在我书桌上的电脑… 窗户…

• General to specific When we use this method, we give a general statement first, and then use specific information to support the main idea.

  从概括到具体 当我们使用这种方法时，我们会先给出概述，然后使用具体的信息来支持这个主旨。

• Topic: Travelling Travelling is fun. We see different people and sights. We learn about different cultures. Travelling helps our mind relax. Travelling helps us keep fit.

  标题：旅行 旅行很有趣。 我们看见不同的人物和景象。 我们了解不同的文化。 旅行帮助我们的大脑放松。 旅行有助于我们保持健康。

• Specific to general We use this method when we want to use some specific examples to lead to our main ideas.

  从具体到概括 当我们想使用一些特殊的例子来引出我们的主旨时，我们使用这种方法。

• Topic: Environment The sky is not as blue as before. The water is not clean any more. The weather changes often. We have more bad weather. Our environment is getting worse. We need to take action to protect it.

  标题：环境 天空不像以前那样蓝。 水不再干净。 天气变化无常。 我们有更糟糕的天气。 我们的环境变得越来越差。 我们需要采取行动来保护环境。

• Mr Wu gives the students some topics and asks them to choose a suitable way to organize their ideas. Help them choose the best way for each topic. Write A, B, C or D in the box.

  吴老师给了学生们一些话题，并让他们选择一种恰当的方法来组织思路。请帮他们给每个话题选择最佳方法。并在方框里写上A、B、C或D这四个字母。

• A day at Hong Kong Disneyland

  在香港迪斯尼乐园的一天

• Good reading habits are important

  良好的阅读习惯是很重要的

• Teenagers' after-school activities

  青少年们的课外活动

• My dream home

  我梦想中的家

• Changes in my hometown

  我家乡的变化

• It is fantastic to be a volunteer

  当一名志愿者真了不起

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Task

  任务

• Giving a helping hand

  伸出援助之手

• Peter has read an article about a middle school student in the newspaper. He wants to write a letter to ask for help. He is organizing his ideas first.

  彼得在报纸上读了一篇讲述着一位中学生的故事的文章。他想写封信请求帮助。首先他得组织思路。

• Introduction

  引言

• Who needs help?

  谁需要帮助？

• Main body

  正文

• Information about the person or group in need What kind of help do they need? How can we help?

  关于有需要的人或团体的信息 他们需要什么样的帮助？ 我们可以如何帮助？

• Conclusion

  结论

• Thanks for help

  谢谢帮忙

• Peter wrote a letter asking for people's help. Read his letter below.

  彼得写了封信请求人们的帮助。阅读他下面的信。

• Dear all, A Grade 9 student at No.2 Middle School needs our help! The student's name is Xiao Wei. He has been ill in hospital since last month. The doctor says that he has a serious blood disease. An operation may save him, but it will cost over 300,000 yuan. Xiao Wei's parents are both farmers. They do not have enough money for such an operation. However, it is important for Xiao Wei to have the operation as soon as possible.Otherwise, he may lose his life. I am writing to ask for your help. Please donate money. Many hands make light work. If all of us can give a helping hand, he may get well again soon. Thanks a lot for your help! Peter

  亲爱的全体人民， 第二中学的一位九年级的学生需要我们的帮助！ 这位学生的名字叫小伟。上个月以来，他就生病住院了。医生说他患有严重的血液病。手术也许可以救他，但是手术费得花30多万元。 小伟的父母都是农民。他们没有足够的钱来支付如此一笔庞大的手术费。然而，对小伟来说尽快动手术是很重要的。否则，他也许会没命。 我正在写信请求你们的帮忙。请捐点钱吧。众人拾柴火焰高。如果我们所有人可以伸出援助之手，他可能很快又会康复。 非常感谢你们的帮助！ 彼得

• You also want to help people in need. Discuss in pairs who you want to help and what you can do. Use the ideas on the next page to help you.

  你也想帮助有需要的人。分组讨论一下你想帮谁，还有你可以做点什么。使用下一页的构思可以帮助你。

• Unit 6

  第六单元

• Someone with a serious disease

  患有重病的某个人

• People in poor areas

  在贫困地区的人

• Blind and deaf people

  又瞎又聋的人

• The elderly

  老年人

• Children without parents

  孤儿

• Earthquake survivors

  地震幸存者

• Useful expressions

  常用表达

• … need our help.

  …需要我们的帮助。

• We must do something to help.

  我们必须做点事情来帮忙。

• It will cost … to …

  要…得花费…

• … do/does not have enough money for …

  对…来说…没有足够的钱

• It is important/dangerous/for … to …

  对…来说…是很重要/很危险的

• If all of us can give a helping hand, … may …

  如果我们所有人可以伸出援助之手，…可能…

• Thank you for your help/support.

  谢谢你们的帮忙/支持。

• Write a letter to ask for help. Use Peter's letter in Part B as a model.

  写一封信来请求帮助。使用B部分彼得的信作为模板。

• Self-assessment

  自我评估

• I have learnt

  我已经学会了

• Details

  细节

• Result

  成绩

• about volunteering for the Special Olympics World Games.

  关于为特殊奥林匹克世界运动会做志愿者的事。

• to use the new words to talk about voluntary work.

  使用新单词来谈论志愿工作。

• to use 'It is + adjective(+ for …/of …)+ to-infinitive.

  使用“It is + 形容词（+for…/of…）+ to do”。

• to organize ideas according to the type of writing.

  根据写作类型来组织思路。

• Result:

  成绩：

• Excellent!

  优秀！

• Good!

  良好！

• Not bad!

  一般！

• I need to spend more time on ________________.

  我需要在_________上面花更多时间。

Unit 7 International charities

• Unit 7 International charities

  第七单元 国际慈善机构

• Eddie, more money is needed for charity. You have some pocket money left. Let's go and donate it.

  埃迪，慈善机构需要更多的钱。你有一些零用钱剩下。咱们去捐了它吧。

• Now? It's time for lunch.

  现在吗？该吃午餐了。

• Don't worry. We can have a big lunch after that.

  别担心。捐完之后，我们就可以吃一顿丰盛的午餐了。

• Hobo, let me have lunch first. I'm too weak to walk any further.

  霍波，让我先吃午餐吧。我太虚弱，走不动了。

• Come on, Eddie. We only have five kilometres left.

  快点，埃迪。我们只剩5公里了。

• How charities help people

  慈善机构如何帮助人们

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students want to learn about international charities. They want to find out how these charities help people around the world.

  八年级一班的学生们想要了解国际慈善机构。他们想弄清楚这些慈善机构是如何帮助全世界人民的。

• Task

  任务

• Write a report on the work of an international charity.

  写一份有关国际慈善机构的工作的报告。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• Welcome to the unit

  单元导入

• Charities around the world

  全世界的慈善机构

• Amy has collected some information about international charities. Help her match the logos with the charities. Write the correct names in the blanks.

  艾米收集了一些有关国际慈善机构的信息。请帮她将这些标识与慈善结构进行匹配。并在空白处写上正确的名称。

• ORBIS

  奥比斯

• Oxfam

  乐施会

• UNICEF

  联合国儿童基金会

• WWF

  世界自然基金会

• Mr Wu is asking the students about international charities. Work in groups and say what you know about charities. Use the conversation below as a model.

  吴老师正在询问学生们有关国际慈善机构的事情。小组活动，说一说你们对慈善机构的了解。使用下面的对话作为模板。

• Do you know about any international charities, class?

  同学们，你们知道一些国际慈善机构吗？

• Yes. I know about a charity called UNICEF.

  是的。我知道一个名叫联合国儿童基金会的慈善机构。

• How does UNICEF help people?

  联合国儿童基金会是怎样帮助人们的呢？

• It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world.

  它帮忙为大家建造一个更加美好的世界，尤其是全世界的儿童们。

• It provides basic education for children in poor areas.

  它为贫困地区的孩子提供基础教育。

• It works for the equal rights of girls and women too.

  它也为女孩和妇女的平等权利而效力。

• It also works to prevent the spread of some serious diseases, like AIDS. among young people.

  它也致力于阻止一些严重的疾病，比如艾滋病，在年轻人当中的传播。

• Perfect! You've done a good job.

  好极了！你干得不错。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• Reading

  阅读

• An interview with an ORBIS doctor

  对奥比斯医生的一个采访

• Amy is interested in the work that ORBIS doctors and nurses do. She found an interview with an ORBIS doctor. Here is the interview.

  艾米对奥比斯的医生和护士们所做的工作很感兴趣。她找到了对奥比斯医生的一个采访。这就是采访内容。

• Dr Ma, please tell us something about blindness.

  马医生，请告诉我们一些关于失明的事情吧。

• About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems, mostly in poor areas, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. However, many people don't have money for medical treatment.

  全世界大约有2.85亿人失明或存在其他眼疾，他们大部分都在贫困地区，而这些病例中大约有80%是可以预防或治愈的。然而，许多人都没有钱接受医学治疗。

• How does ORBIS help?

  奥比斯是如何帮忙的？

• ORBIS uses its Flying Eye Hospital to visit poor areas. On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations. The plane is also used as a training centre.

  奥比斯使用其眼科飞机医院去访问贫困地区。在飞机上，志愿者医生进行手术。飞机也被用作培训中心。

• Why don't you work in a hospital?

  为什么你们不在医院里工作？

• Many of our patients can't afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. Also, local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations. We can teach them new skills. By training them, we hope to help more people.

  我们的很多病人没钱去医院，所以我们得去他们那儿。而且，当地的医生和护士会被邀请到飞机上，以便了解眼科手术的知识。我们会教他们新技能。通过对他们进行培训，我们希望能帮助更多的人。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• How many operations do you do during a visit?

  在访问期间，你做了多少手术？

• During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on.

  在我上一次的访问期间，有150位病人进行了手术。

• You're doing a really important job.

  你在做一份真正重要的工作。

• Thank you. I'm proud to help people see again and improve their lives.

  谢谢你。我对可以帮助人们重见光明并改善他们的生活而感到骄傲。

• Is there anything else you'd like to say to our readers?

  你还有什么别的事情想对我们读者说的吗？

• Yes. Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured. But more money is needed to carry on with our work. We hope more people will support us.

  是的。现代医学正迅速发展，所以现在大部分的眼疾或眼科病都可以得到治疗及治愈。但是需要更多的钱来继续我们的工作。我们希望更多的人会支持我们。

• Thank you very much for your time, Dr Ma.

  马医生，非常感谢您抽空来接受我的采访。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• What does ORBIS do?

  奥比斯是做什么的？

• Amy wants to tell Daniel about Dr Ma and what he does, but she does not know the meanings of some words in the interview. Help her match the words on the left with the meanings on the right. Write the correct letters in the blanks.

  艾米想给丹尼尔讲讲马医生以及他所做的事情，但是她不知道采访中某些单词的意思。请帮她将左边的单词与右边的意思进行匹配。并在空白处写上正确的字母。

• blindness (line 1)

  失明（第1行）

• cure (line 5)

  治愈（第5行）

• patient (line 12)

  病人（第12行）

• afford (line 12)

  买得起（第12行）

• on board (line 14)

  在飞机（船、火车）上（第14行）

• operate (line 17)

  做手术（第17行）

• cut a person's body open to take out or repair a part

  剖开一个人的身体以取出或修复一个部位

• in or on a plane, ship, train, etc.

  在飞机、船、火车等上面

• make an illness go away

  让疾病消失

• have enough money to pay for something

  有足够的钱为某物付款

• a person who is ill, especially in hospital

  一个生病的人，尤其是住院的人

• the condition of being unable to see

  处于看不见的环境

• Amy wants to show how ORBIS helps people. She is making a chart. Help her fill in the blanks with the words in the box.

  艾米想演示一下奥比斯是如何帮助人们的。她正在做表格。使用方框里的单词，帮她填空。

• doctors and nurses

  医生和护士

• Flying Eye Hospital

  眼科飞机医院

• eye operations

  眼科手术

• new skills

  新技能

• eye problems

  眼疾

• see again

  重见光明

• ORBIS, a charity

  奥比斯，一个慈善机构

• uses its Fling Eye Hospital to visit poor areas

  使用其眼科飞机医院来访问贫困地区

• treats people with eye problems

  治疗有眼疾的人

• does eye operations on the plane

  在飞机上进行眼科手术

• invites local doctors and nurses on board

  邀请当地的医生和护士到飞机上来

• helps people see again

  帮助人们重见光明

• teaches them new skills

  教他们新技能

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• Amy made some more notes of the interview. Help her put the sentences together. Write the correct letters in the blanks.

  艾米给这次采访做了一些更多的笔记。请帮她将这些句子连在一起。并在空白处写上正确的字母。

• Many more people in poor areas have eye problems.

  贫困地区更多的人有眼疾。

• Dr Ma thinks that most eye problems and diseases can be prevented or cured.

  马医生认为大部分的眼疾和眼科病是可以预防或治愈的。

• Many blind people do not get any treatment because they have no money to go to hospital.

  许多盲人没有接受任何治疗，因为他们没钱去医院。

• The ORBIS plane is used as a hospital and a training centre.

  奥比斯飞机被当作医院和培训中心。

• One hundred and fifty patients were operated on during Dr Ma's last visit.

  在马医生的上一次访问期间，150位病人进行了手术。

• More money is needed to carry on with the work.

  需要更多的钱来继续我们的工作。

• Amy is writing an article about ORBIS for the school newsletter. Help her complete it with the correct forms of the words in the box.

  艾米正在为学校的时事通讯写一篇关于奥比斯的文章。使用方框里这些单词的正确形式，帮她完成一下吧。

• afford

  买得起

• board

  上飞机（船、火车）

• cure

  治愈

• medicine

  医学

• patient

  病人

• proud

  自豪的

• support

  支持

• train

  培训

• The ORBIS plane travels all around the world and helps people with eye problems in poor areas. Most of the people there cannot afford to go to hospital, so ORBIS doctors go to them. Operations are done to help people with eye problems see again. The patients do not have to pay because ORBIS is a charity. Local doctors and nurses are also invited on board to learn new skills. By training them, ORBIS doctors hope to help more people.

  奥比斯飞机环游整个世界，帮助贫困地区患有眼疾的人。在那里大部分人没钱去医院，所以奥比斯的医生们就去他们那儿。他们通过做手术来帮助患有眼疾的人重见光明。那些病人不必付钱，因为奥比斯是一个慈善机构。当地的医生和护士也被邀请到飞机上学习新技能。通过对他们进行培训，奥比斯的医生们希望帮助更多的人。

• Dr Ma is a doctor on the ORBIS plane. He feels proud to help people see again. Dr Ma thinks that modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems can be treated and cured, but more money is needed to support their work.

  马医生是奥比斯飞机上的一位医生。他对可以帮助人们重见光明而感到自豪。马医生认为现代医学正在迅速发展，所以现在大部分的眼疾都可以得到治疗及治愈，但是需要更多的钱来支持他们的工作。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• Grammar

  语法

• Passive vioce in the simple present and past tenses

  在一般现在时和一般过去时中的被动语态

• We use the active voice when it is important to know who performs the action.

  当知道动作的执行者很重要时，我们使用主动语态。

• Volunteer doctors do operations on the plane.

  志愿者医生在飞机上做手术。

• We use the passive voice when it is obvious who performs the action.

  当动作的执行者很明显时，我们使用被动语态。

• The plane is used as a training centre.

  飞机被用作培训中心。

• We use the passive voice when we do not know or do not need to know who performs the action.

  当我们不知道或不需要知道动作的执行者是谁时，我们使用被动语态。

• His eye problem was cured two months ago.

  2个月前，他的眼疾被治愈了。

• We use the passive voice when the action is more important than the person who performs the action.

  当动作比动作的执行者更重要时，我们使用被动语态。

• The lives of the patients with eye problems are improved.

  患有眼疾的病人的生活得到了改善。

• We form the passive voice in the simple present tense like this:

  在一般现在时态中，我们像这样地构成被动语态：

• Subject + be + Past participle

  主语+be动词+过去分词

• I am supported.

  我被支持。

• You/We/They are supported.

  你（你们）/我们/他们被支持。

• He/She/It is supported.

  他/她/它被支持。

• Subject + be not + Past participle

  主语+be动词+not+过去分词

• I am not supported.

  我没有被支持。

• You/We/They are not supported.

  你（你们）/我们/他们没有被支持。

• He/She/It is not supported.

  他/她/它没有被支持。

• We form the passive voice in the simple past tense like this:

  在一般过去时态中，我们像这样地构成被动语态：

• Subject + be + Past participle

  主语+be动词+过去分词

• I was supported.

  我被支持了。

• You/We/They were supported.

  你（你们）/我们/他们被支持了。

• He/She/It was supported.

  他/她/它被支持了。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• Subject + be not + Past participle

  主语+be动词+not+过去分词

• I was not supported.

  我没有被支持了。

• You/We/They were not supported.

  你（你们）/我们/他们没有被支持了。

• He/She/It was not supported.

  他/她/它没有被支持了。

• We can also introduce who or what performs an action in the passive voice using by. We put by and the performer after the verb.

  在被动语态中，我们也可以使用by引出执行某动作的人或物。我们可以在动词后面加上by和动作的执行者。

• On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations.

  在飞机上，志愿者医生做手术。

• On the plane, operations are done by volunteer doctors.

  在飞机上，手术是由志愿者医生做的。

• ORBIS doctors helped many blind people.

  奥比斯的医生们帮助了许多盲人。

• Many blind people were helped by ORBIS doctors.

  许多盲人得到了奥比斯医生们的帮助。

• Helping others

  帮助他人

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about the different things people can do for the poor. Look at the pictures and help them complete their notes using the words in brackets and the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary.

  八年级一班的学生们正在谈论人们可以为穷人所做的不同事情。看这些图片，并使用括号内的单词和被动语态帮他们完成笔记。在必要的时候加上by这个单词。

• What they do every year

  他们每年所做的事情

• Charity activities are planned to help the poor.

  筹划慈善活动来帮助穷人。

• Leaflets are handed out to people in the streets by volunteers.

  志愿者分发传单给街道上的人。

• Toys and CDs are sold to raise money.

  出售玩具和光盘来筹钱。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• What they did last week

  他们上周所做的事情

• New books were sent to children in poor areas by the Class 1, Grade 8 students.

  八年级一班的学生们给贫困地区的孩子们送去了新书。

• Warm clothes were collected for poor people.

  为穷人收集了保暖的衣服。

• A charity show was held by the Students' Union.

  学生会举办了一场慈善演出。

• Amy and Daniel are talking about charities. Complete their conversation with the words in brackets using the passive voice.

  艾米和丹尼尔正在谈论慈善机构的事情。使用括号内单词的被动语态，完成他们的对话。

• I'm reading a book about Oxfam.

  我正在阅读一本关于乐施会的书。

• Really? Please tell me about it.

  真的吗？请给我讲讲它吧。

• OK. Oxfam was set up in the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam shop was opened in 1948. Now it has about 15,000 shops all over the world. A lot of things are sold in Oxfam shops, including books. The money is used by Oxfam to help poor people.

  好的。乐施会是于1942年在英国成立的，而第一个乐施会商店则是在1948年开业的。现在，它在全世界拥有约1万5千个商店。在乐施会商店出售许多东西，包括书籍。乐施会用这笔钱来帮助贫困人群。

• That's good. There are also some charity projects in China. One of them is called Project Hope. It was started in 1989. With its help, millions of poor children all over the country are given basic education.

  那太好了。在中国也有一些慈善机构。它们其中之一就被称为希望工程。它是在1989年创办的。在它的帮助下，全国成千上万的贫困儿童被提供了基础教育。

• Yes. Many schools are built in poor areas each year.

  是的。贫困地区每年都会创办许多学校。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• Integrated skills

  综合技能

• The work of UNICEF

  联合国儿童基金会的工作

• Daniel has found some information about UNICEF. Read it with him.

  丹尼尔找到了一些有关联合国儿童基金会的信息。和他一起读一读吧。

• UNICEF is part of the United Nations. It was set up in Europe in 1946, after World War Ⅱ. At that time, many children's lives were changed because of the war, and UNICEF wanted to help them.

  联合国儿童基金会是联合国的一部分。它是在二战之后于1946年在欧洲成立的。在那时，许多孩子的生活因为战争而被改变了，于是联合国儿童基金会想要帮助他们。

• Now UNICEF works in over 190 countries and areas. It helps governments, communities and families make the world a better place for children.

  现在，联合国儿童基金会在190多个国家和地区开展工作。它帮助政府，社区和家庭让世界给孩子们提供一个更好的场所。

• Daniel is listening to a radio programme about UNICEF. Help him put the sentences in the correct order. Write the numbers 1-5 in the boxes.

  丹尼尔正在听一段关于联合国儿童基金会的广播节目。请帮他将这些句子按照正确的顺序进行排列。并在方框里写上1到5这些数字。

• UNICEF provides basic education for poor children in many countries. It helps them go to school.

  联合国儿童基金会给许多国家的贫困儿童提供基础教育。它帮助他们上学。

• UNICEF provides clean water and food. It wants all children to be healthy.

  联合国儿童基金会提供干净的水和食物。它想让所有的孩子保持健康。

• You can help by donating money or working as a volunteer.

  你可以通过捐钱或当一名志愿者来帮忙。

• UNICEF raises money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities.

  联合国儿童基金会通过卖圣诞贺卡以及组织其他活动来筹钱。

• UNICEF works all over the world.

  联合国儿童基金会在全世界开展工作。

• Mr Wu asked the students to write a report on UNICEF. First, he gave them some questions to help them organize their ideas. Help Daniel answer the questions with the information in Parts A1 and A2.

  吴老师让学生们写一份关于联合国儿童基金会的报告。首先，他给了学生们一些问题，以便帮助他们组织思路。使用A1和A2部分的信息，帮助丹尼尔回答这些问题。

• When was UNICEF set up?

  联合国儿童基金会是什么时候成立的？

• Why was UNICEF set up?

  为什么成立联合国儿童基金会？

• Where does UNICEF work?

  联合国儿童基金会在哪儿开展工作？

• What does UNICEF do to help?

  联合国儿童基金会做些什么来帮忙？

• How does UNICEF raise money?

  联合国儿童基金会是如何筹钱的？

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• Daniel is writing the report on UNICEF. Complete his report with the information on page 101. Then listen to Daniel and check your answers.

  丹尼尔正在写那份关于联合国儿童基金会的报告。使用第101页上面的信息，完成他的报告。然后听丹尼尔的录音，并核对一下你的答案。

• UNICEF is part of (1)______. It was set up in Europe in(2)______, after (3)______. At that time, many(4)______were changed because of the war, and UNICEF wanted to help them. Now UNICEF works in over (5)______. It helps governments,(6)______and families make the world(7)______ for children. UNICEF wants all children to be(8)______, so it provides them with(9)______ and food, and tries to prevent them from getting illnesses. UNICEF also believes that it is important for children to receive(10)______, so it helps them go to school. UINICEF raises money by(11)______ and organizing other activities. People can support it by donating money or working as volunteers.

  联合国儿童基金会是______的一部分。______后，它于______在欧洲成立。当时，许多______因为战争而改变，联合国儿童基金会想要帮助他们。 现在，联合国儿童基金会在______开展工作。它帮助政府，______和家庭让世界给孩子们______。 联合国儿童基金会希望所有儿童都能______，所以它为他们提供______和食物，并努力防止他们生病。联合国儿童基金会还认为，儿童接受______是很重要的，所以它帮助他们去上学。 联合国儿童基金会通过______以及组织其他活动来筹钱。你可以通过捐钱或当一名志愿者来帮忙。

• Speak up: I've got toothache.

  大声地说：我牙疼。

• A boy goes to a health centre of UNICEF. He is talking to the doctor. Work in pairs and ask your partner about his or her problem. Use the conversation below as a model.

  有个男孩去了联合国儿童基金会的卫生所。他正在和医生谈话。两人一组进行练习，询问你的搭档有关他或她存在的问题。使用下面的对话作为模板。

• You look pale. What's the matter?

  你看上去很苍白。怎么啦？

• I don't feel well. I've got toothache.It hurts.

  我感觉不舒服。我牙疼。它很疼。

• How long have you felt like this?

  你感觉像这样有多久了？

• For about two days.

  大约2天。

• OK. Open your mouth and let me have a check. … Well, it's nothing serious. Take this medicine after meals three times a day. You'll be all right in a few days.

  好的。张开嘴巴，让我检查一下。…嗯，没什么严重的。饭后服用这种药，一日服三次。过几天你就会没事了。

• OK. Thanks.

  好的。谢谢。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• Study skills

  学习技能

• Using punctuation marks

  使用标点符号

• Here are some common punctuation marks we use to divide a piece of writing into sentences, phrases, etc.

  这是我们用来将一篇文章划分成句子、短语等常见的一些标点符号。

• Punctuation

  标点符号

• Usage

  用法

• Example

  范例

• Comma (,)

  逗号(,)

• to separate words in a list

  用来将列表中的单词隔开

• You can visit Asia, Africa, Europe, America and more in only eight hours.

  你可以在仅仅八小时内参观亚洲、非洲、欧洲、美洲以及更多的大洲。

• to separate phrases and clauses

  用来将短语和从句隔开

• You can use a computer for sending and receiving emails, searching for information, drawing or playing games.

  你可以用电脑来发送和接收电子邮件、搜索信息、画画或玩游戏。

• If you want someone to move, say 'excuse me'.

  如果你想让人挪步，就说“劳驾”。

• Full stop (.)

  句号(.)

• at the end of a sentence that is not a question or an exclamation

  用于非疑问句或感叹句的末尾

• The 12th Special Olympics World Games were held in Shanghai in 2007.

  第12届特殊奥林匹克世界运动会是于2007年在上海举办的。

• Question mark (?)

  问号(?)

• at the end of a direct question

  用于直接问句的末尾

• How does UNICEF help?

  联合国儿童基金会是如何帮忙的？

• Exclamation mark (!)

  感叹号(!)

• to express surprise, joy, anger, shock or other strong feelings

  用于表达惊讶、高兴、生气、震惊或其他强烈的情感

• He was the same size as my little finger!

  他不过就我小手指那么点大！

• Quotation marks (' ')

  引号('')

• to enclose words and punctuation marks in direct speech

  用来将直接引语中引用的话和标点符号引起来

• 'I'm proud to help people see again,' says Dr Ma.

  “我对可以帮助人们重见光明而感到自豪。”马医生说。

• A charity show

  一场慈善演出

• Millie has written about her experience as a host of a charity show. Help her add the correct punctuation marks.

  米莉记述了她作为一名慈善演出的主持人的经历。请帮她补充正确的标点符号。

• The big day came very quickly, and suddenly it was the night before the charity show. I could not sleep at all that night because I was so excited.'Will it be a success?' I kept asking myself.

  大日子很快就来临了，慈善演出前的那个晚上突然就到了。那晚我整夜睡不着，因为我太激动了。“它会是一次成功的演出吗？”我不断地问自己。

• Twenty minutes before the big event, the doors opened and many people came into the theatre.No time to be nervous any more. 'This is it.' I told myself. A lot of people came to watch the show.They were making a lot of noise, so I had to speak loudly.

  在重大演出的前20分钟，门开了，于是许多人进入了剧院。没时间再紧张了。“就是这样了。”我告诉自己。许多人来观看这次演出。他们制造了许多噪音，所以我不得不大声地说话。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• Task

  任务

• Charity work

  慈善工作

• Amy wants to write about the work of an ORBIS nurse called Diana for her class presentation. She found these pictures of Diana.

  艾米想为她的课堂发言写一写关于一位名叫戴安娜的奥比斯护士的工作事情。她找到了戴安娜的这些图片。

• Diana was a secretary of a company.

  戴安娜是一位公司秘书。

• She was afraid of flying.

  她害怕飞行。

• She learnt about ORBIS.

  她了解到了奥比斯。

• She trained as a nurse.

  她接受了护士培训。

• She works for ORBIS.

  她为奥比斯工作。

• She enjoys her work.

  她喜欢她的工作。

• Amy wrote a report on Diana and her charity work. Read Amy's report below.

  艾米写了一份关于戴安娜以及她的慈善工作的报告。阅读下面艾米的报告。

• Diana was once a secretary of a big company. She lived in a comfortable flat and drove to work. She travelled to many places, but she seldom took the plane. She was afraid of flying.

  戴安娜曾经是一位大公司的秘书。她住在一栋舒适的公寓里，并且开车去上班。她去过许多地方旅行，但是她很少坐飞机。她害怕飞行。

• One day, Diana saw a TV programme about ORBIS. She learnt about the Flying Eye Hospital. She wanted to help poor people with eye problems see again, so she made up her mind to train as a nurse and attended courses after work.

  有一天，戴安娜看到了一个关于奥比斯的电视节目。她了解到了眼科飞机医院。她想帮助有眼疾的穷人重见光明，于是她决定接受护士培训，并在下班后去上课。

• Diana is working for ORBIS now. She has to travel over 300 days a year. She is getting used to travelling by plane.

  戴安娜现在正在为奥比斯工作。她一年300多天不得不去旅行。她习惯于乘飞机往来各地。

• Diana enjoys her work. She is glad to be able to help people see again. She does not have as much money as before, but she thinks her life is more meaningful.

  戴安娜喜欢她的工作。她很高兴能帮人们重见光明。她没有像以前那样多的钱，但是她认为她的生活更有意义了。

• Unit 7

  第七单元

• You want to write a report on the work of UNICEF. Search for information on the Internet. You can also use the information below. Use Amy's report as a model.

  你想写一份关于联合国儿童基金会的工作报告。在网上搜索信息。你也可以使用下面的信息。使用艾米的报告作为模板。

• Name: Mandeep

  姓名：曼迪普

• Country: India

  国家：印度

• Family: many children, poor

  家庭：许多小孩，很穷

• In the past: used to work on the farm all day, could not read or write

  在过去：过去常常整天在农场工作，不能读书写字

• One day: a UNICEF officer came and learnt about the conditions of the local people

  有一天：一位联合国儿童基金会的高级职员来了，并且了解到了当地人的状况

• Now: entered a school, can read and write

  现在：入学了，能读书写字

• Future: hopes to become a teacher

  将来：希望成为一名老师

• Self-assessment

  自我评估

• I have learnt

  我已经学会了

• Details

  细节

• Result

  成绩

• about ORBIS.

  关于奥比斯的知识。

• to use the new words to talk about charity work.

  使用新单词来谈论慈善工作。

• the passive voice in the simple present and past tenses.

  在一般现在时和一般过去时中的被动语态。

• to use the correct punctuation marks.

  使用正确的标点符号。

• Result:

  成绩：

• Excellent!

  优秀！

• Good!

  良好！

• Not bad!

  一般！

• I need to spend more time on ________________.

  我需要在_________上面花更多时间。

Unit 8 A green world

• Unit 8 A green world

  第八单元 一个绿色世界

• What are you going to do, Hobo?

  霍波，你打算做什么？

• Plant trees.

  种树。

• Will more trees be planted this year?

  今年更多的树木将会被种植吗？

• Yes. Trees are good for us.

  是的。树木对我们有好处。

• OK. I'll go with you. I like digging in the garden.

  好吧。我跟你一起去。我喜欢在花园里挖洞。

• Are you serious?

  你是认真的吗？

• Sure. I'll plant breadfruit trees. Breadfruit … Yummy!

  当然啦。我要种面包果树。面包果…好吃！

• Caring about the Earth

  关心地球

• World Environment Day is coming. The Class 1, Grade 8 students are busy discussing the Earth's problems and preparing a presentation.

  世界环境日即将来临。八年级一班的学生们忙着讨论地球面临的问题以及准备演讲的事情。

• Task

  任务

• Give a presentation on how to go green.

  做一个有关如何保护环境的演讲

• Unit 8

  第八单元

• Welcome to the unit

  单元导入

• A green life

  绿色生活

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about ways to live a green life. Look at the pictures below and match them with the correct sentences.

  八年级一班的学生们正在谈论过一种绿色生活的方式。看下面的图片，并将它们与正确的句子进行匹配。

• We can reduce air pollution by riding bicycles.

  我们可以通过骑自行车来减少空气污染。

• We can save water by taking shorter showers.

  我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间来节约用水。

• We can save energy by turning off the lights when we leave a room.

  我们可以通过离开房间时关灯来节约能源。

• We can protect the environment by recycling waste.

  我们可以通过回收利用废弃物来保护环境。

• Mr Wu is asking the students how to live a green life. Work in groups and discuss what you can do. Use the conversation below as a model.

  吴老师正在询问学生们如何过一种绿色的生活。小组活动，讨论一下你们可以做的事情。使用下面的对话作为模板。

• What should we do to live a green life, class?

  同学们，要过上一种绿色生活我们该做些什么？

• My dad used to drive me to school, but now we take the underground. More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution.

  我爸爸过去常常开车送我去上学，但是现在我们坐地铁去。越来越多的家庭拥有小汽车，这导致了严重的空气污染。

• I agree. It's wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles.

  我同意。对人们来说，选择公共交通工具或骑自行车是很明智的。

• I think we can take shorter showers to save water.

  我认为我们可以缩短淋浴时间来节约用水。

• Yes. And we should remember to turn off the lights when we leave a room.

  是的。而且当我们离开房间时，我们应该记得关灯。

• Unit 8

  第八单元

• Reading

  阅读

• Green Switzerland

  绿色瑞士

• Kitty's online friend Martina is a middle school student in Switzerland. She is writing in her blog on 5 June, World Environment Day. Here is her article.

  基蒂的网友马丁娜是瑞士的一位中学生。在6月5号世界环境日那天，她在博客上写文章。这是她的文章。

• I love Switzerland. It is a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes. It is beautiful, and we should try to keep it that way.

  我爱瑞士。它是一个拥有高耸的山脉和干净的蓝色湖泊的国家。它很美，而且我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。

• In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled. Even old clothes and shoes can be recycled. I learnt about an organization for recycling clothes. It collects old clothes from all over the country. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and others are sent to factories for recycling. My family and I often send our old jeans and T-shirts to this organization.

  在瑞士，像玻璃，塑料和纸这些东西都被分成不同的组，然后进行回收利用。甚至连旧衣服和旧鞋子都可以回收利用。我了解到了一个回收利用衣服的组织。它收集着来自全国各地的旧衣服。一些衣服放在慈善店里出售，一些送给穷人，还有一些送到工厂循环再生。我和我的家人经常把我们的旧牛仔裤和T恤衫送给这个组织。

• Our govemment has many laws to protect the environment. For example, we are not allowed to cut down trees.Otherwise, we will be punished. If we drop litter in a public place, we will be fined by the police. There are also laws to limit air and water pollution.

  我们的政府有许多法律来保护环境。例如，我们不许砍伐树木。否则，我们将会受到惩罚。如果我们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，我们将会被警察罚款。还有法律来限制空气和水污染。

• Unit 8

  第八单元

• Our govemment has many laws to protect the environment. For example, we are not allowed to cut down trees.Otherwise, we will be punished. If we drop litter in a public place, we will be fined by the police. There are also laws to limit air and water pollution.

  我们的政府有许多法律来保护环境。例如，我们不许砍伐树木。否则，我们将会受到惩罚。如果我们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，我们将会被警察罚款。还有法律来限制空气和水污染。

• Nature is our greatest treasure. We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it wisely. Luckily, we are starting to use energy from the sun, wind and water. These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out. Moreover, they produce little pollution.

  大自然是我们最大的财富。我们依靠其丰富的资源生存，我们要理智地保护它，这一点很重要。幸运地是，我们正在开始使用太阳能、风能和水能。这些新型能源不仅成本低廉，而且用之不尽。此外，它们产生的污染极少。

• Today is 5 June, World Environment Day. What have you done for the environment? Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!

  今天是6月5日——世界环境日。你为环境做了些什么呢？记住每个人都可以做点有益的事！

• Unit 8

  第八单元

• What do people in Switzerland do?

  瑞士人做些什么？

• Kitty is not sure about the meanings of some words in Martina's article. Help her match the words on the left with the meanings on the right. Write the correct letters in the blanks.

  基蒂对马丁娜文章中的某些单词的意思不确定。请帮她将左边的单词与右边的意思进行匹配。并在空白处写上正确的字母。

• separate (line 5)

  分开，隔开（第5行）

• recycle (line 6)

  回收利用，循环利用（第6行）

• allow (line 13)

  允许（第13行）

• fine (line 15)

  罚款（第15行）

• run out (line 20)

  用完，耗尽（第20行）

• produce (line 21)

  产生（第21行）

• cause a result

  导致某一结果

• make someone pay money because he/she has done something wrong

  让某人付钱，因为他/她做错了一些事

• be used up

  用完

• put things into different groups

  把东西分成不同的组

• let someone do something

  允许某人做某事

• treat something used so that it can be used again

  处理某种用过了的东西，以便它可以被再次使用

• Kitty made some notes of Martina's blog on a piece of paper, but her mother tore it up by mistake. Help her match the two halves of the sentences. Write the correct letters in the blanks.

  基蒂在一张纸上做了些马丁娜博客的笔记，但是她母亲误把它给撕了。请帮她将这些句子的两半部分进行匹配。并在空白处写上正确的字母。

• Switzerland is a beautiful country with high mountians and clean blue lakes.

  瑞士是一个拥有高耸的山脉和干净的蓝色湖泊的美丽国家。

• In Switzerland, glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and recycled.

  在瑞士，玻璃，塑料和纸都被分成了不同的组并进行回收利用。

• An organization was set up to collect old clothes from around the country.

  一个组织被建立是为了收集来自全国各地的旧衣服。

• The government has laws to protect the environment.

  政府拥有法律来保护环境。

• We should protect nature because we depend on its rich resources to live.

  我们应该保护大自然，因为我们依靠其丰富的资源生存。

• People are starting to use energy from the sun, wind and water.

  人们正在开始使用太阳能、风能和水能。

• Unit 8

  第八单元

• After reading Martina's article, Kitty has written down the main points of the paragraphs. Write the correct numbers of the paragraphs in the boxes.

  读完马丁娜的文章之后，基蒂写下了这些段落的要点。在方框里写上这些段落的正确编号。

• Martina asks everyone to do something for the environment.

  马丁娜请求大家为环境做点事情。

• People are starting to use new energy.

  人们正在开始使用新能源。

• People in Switzerland recycle many things to reduce pollution.

  瑞士人回收利用许多东西来减少污染。

• The government has laws to protect the environment.

  政府拥有法律来保护环境。

• Switzerland is a beautiful country.

  瑞士是一个美丽的国家。

• Kitty is telling Sandy about Martina's article. Complete their conversation.

  基蒂正在告诉桑迪有关马丁娜的文章的事情。完成他们的对话。

• My online friend Martina wrote last week about how they protect the environment in Switzerland.

  我的网友马丁娜上周写了有关在瑞士他们是如何保护环境的文章。

• Really? What do they do to keep their country clean?

  真的吗？他们做些什么来保持国家的清洁？

• In Switzerland, glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled.

  在瑞士，玻璃，塑料和纸都被分成了不同的组并进行回收利用。

• Do they recycle anything else? What do they do with old clothes?

  他们还回收利用一些别的东西吗？他们是怎样处理旧衣服的？

• An organization collects old clothes from around the country. Then some are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and others are sent to factories for recycling.

  有个组织收集着全国各地的旧衣服。然后一些放在慈善店出售，一些送给穷人，还有一些送到工厂循环再生。

• That sounds like a good idea.

  那听起来像是个不错的主意。

• They have many laws to protect the environment too. For example, people will be punished if they cut down trees because it's not allowed.

  他们也拥有许多法律来保护环境。例如，如果人们砍伐树木，他们将会受到惩罚，因为它是不被允许的。

• That's great!

  那太好了！

• Yes. And they don't drop litter in a public place. Otherwise, they'll be fined by the police.

  是的。而且他们不会在公共场所乱扔垃圾。否则，他们将会被警察罚款。

• Unit 8

  第八单元

• Grammar

  语法

• Passive vioce in the simple future tense

  在一般将来时中的被动语态

• We use the passive voice in the simple future tense when the action has not taken place yet.

  当动作还没有发生时，我们使用被动语态的一般将来时。

• You will be punished if you cut down a tree.

  如果你砍伐树木，你就会受到惩罚。

• These bottles will be recycled to make new things.

  这些瓶子将会被回收利用以制造新东西。

• We form the passive voice in the simple future tense like this:

  在一般将来时态中，我们像这样地构成被动语态：

• Subject+will be/be going to be+Past Participle

  主语 + will be/be going to be + 过去分词

• I will be/am going to be supported.

  我将会被支持。

• You/We/They will be/are going to be supported.

  你（你们）/我们/他们将会被支持。

• He/She/It will be/is going to be supported.

  他/她/它将会被支持。

• Environment Week

  环境周

• The students are talking about Environment Week. Help them make sentences using the passive voice.

  学生们正在谈论环境周。使用被动语态，帮他们造句。

• A lot of activities are going to be organized in Environment Week.

  在环境周，许多活动将会被组织。

• Posters will be designed by Sandy.

  海报将会由桑迪来设计。

• Leaflets will be sent to all the people in the town.

  传单将会被发给镇上所有的人。

• Some of the activities are going to be held in the town square.

  一些活动将会在城镇广场被举行。

• Unit 8

  第八单元

• Environment Week

  环境周

• Lisa is telling her cousin Harry about a show that will be held in this Environment Week on the phone. Help Lisa answer Harry's questions using the passive voice.

  莉萨正在电话里告诉她的堂兄哈里关于在这个环境周中所举办的一个展览的事。使用被动语态，帮莉萨回答哈里的问题。

• Hi, Harry. There's going to be an environment show here.

  你好，哈里。这里将会有一个环境展览。

• Really? When is the show going to be held?

  真的吗？这次展览将在什么时候被举办？

• It is going to be held this Friday evening.

  它将会在这个星期五晚上被举行。

• Will the show be held at your school?

  这次展览将会在你们学校举办吗？

• No. It will be held at the town hall.

  不。它将会在市政厅举行。

• Who will be invited to the show?

  谁将会被邀请来参加这次展览？

• Some famous people in our town will be invited to the show.

  我们镇上的一些名人都将会被邀请来参加这次展览。

• What will be displayed at the show?

  在展览上，什么将会被展示？

• Videos about the past and present of Sunshine Town will be displayed.

  有关阳光小镇的过去与现在的视频将会被展示。

• What will be discussed at the show?

  在展览上，什么将会被讨论？

• Ways about how to protect the environment will be discussed at the show.

  在展览上有关如何保护环境的方法将会被讨论。

• Work out the rule!

  得出规律！

• We use 'will be or be going to be + past participle' to form the passive voice in the simple future tense.

  在一般将来时态中，我们使用“will be或be going to be + 过去分词”来构成被动语态。

• Unit 8

  第八单元

• Kitty is writing an article about pollution. Help her complete the article using the passive voice.

  基蒂正在写一篇有关污染的文章。使用被动语态，帮她完成这篇文章。

• Pollution

  污染

• Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. In many places, rubbish is throwed into lakes and rivers, so many of them are polluted.

  污染是当今世界最大的问题之一。在许多地方，垃圾被扔进河流及湖泊中，因此它们有许多都受到了污染。

• In some cities, the air is filled with pollution. This makes people ill, and more people will be hurt in the future if it is not cleaned up.

  在一些城市，空气充满了污染。这使得人们生病，如果空气不被净化，在将来更多的人将会受到伤害。

• As well as people, animals are harmed by pollution. Land and water pollution kills many animals every year. If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution.

  和人一样，动物也会被污染伤害。每年土地污染和水污染杀死了许多动物。如果我们不采取行动保护环境，更多的生物将会被污染杀死。

• However, there is some good news. A show will be held at the town hall this Friday evening. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us. On that day, we will be shown how to protect the environment.

  然而，还有一些好消息。这个星期五晚上将会在市政厅举办一次展览。我们所有人将会有一个机会去思考我们周围的世界。在那天，将会给我们展示如何保护环境。

• If we work together, we can make the world a better place.

  如果我们携手合作，我们就可以让世界变得更美好。

• Unit 8

  第八单元

• Integrated skills

  综合技能

• How green are you?

  你有多绿？

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students want to do a survey to get some ideas for their presentation on how to go green. Listen to the conversation between Daniel and Sandy and write the correct information in the table below.

  八年级一班的学生们想为有关如何保护环境的演讲做一份调查来获得一些意见。听丹尼尔和桑迪之间的对话，并在下面的表格中写上正确的信息。

• A survey on students' daily habits

  关于学生日常生活习惯的调查

• Time:

  时间：

• Place: (3)______

  地点：______

• Number of students: (4)______

  学生人数：______

• Number of questions:(7)______

  问题数量:______

• Survey:(1) ______

  调查：______

• Daniel and Sandy meet:(2)______

  丹尼尔和桑迪会面：______

Project 2 A report on charity

• Project 2

  课题 2

• A report on charity

  一份有关慈善机构的报告

• Supporting charities is a good way to help other people. Your class is doing a report on the ways to help different charity projects.

  支持慈善事业是帮助他人的一种好方法。你们班正在做一份有关帮助不同的慈善项目的方式的报告。

• Planning and preparing

  计划与筹备

• Work in groups of four. Look for information about different charity projects in China. You can find information in leaflets or newspapers, in the library or on the Internet.

  四人一组。寻找关于中国不同的慈善项目的信息。你可以在传单或报纸上，图书馆里或网上找到信息。

• Some charity projects in China

  中国的一些慈善项目

• Project Hope

  希望工程

• Project Green Hope

  绿色希望工程

• Spring Bud Project

  春蕾工程

• Save China's Tigers

  拯救中国虎国际基金会

• Happiness Project

  幸福工程

• Here are some details about Project Hope.

  这是一些有关希望工程的细节。

• What is its name?

  它叫什么名字？

• Project Hope

  希望工程

• When was it set up?

  它是在什么时候成立的？

• In 1989

  在1989年

• Why was it set up?

  它为什么成立？

• To help children in poor areas

  为了帮助贫困地区的孩子们

• What kind of work does it do?

  它做什么种类的工作？

• Sponsor children to go to school, build schools, libraries and playgrounds, etc.

  赞助孩子们去上学，建造学校、图书馆和操场等

• How many children has it helped?

  它帮助了多少孩子？

• About 4.5 million children (by 2012)

  大约450万孩子（到2012年为止）

• Choose a chatity project. Collect leaflets, advertisements and articles about it. Then try to prepare a list of questions. Use the questions above as a model.

  选择一个慈善项目。收集有关它的传单、广告和文章。试着准备一系列问题。使用上面的问题作为模板。

• Find out what people do to help this charity project. If you need help with ideas, you may use the questions on the next page.

  弄清楚人们可以做些什么来帮助这个慈善项目。如果你需要帮忙整理思路，你可以使用在下一页上面的问题。