译林版(初中)八年级上册英语Module 2 Nature and environment跟读

Unit 5 Wild animals

• Unit 5 Wild animals

  第五单元 野生动物

• Would you like to live in the wild, Eddie?

  你想生活在野外吗，埃迪？

• No.

  不想。

• Why not? Wild animals are free and happy.

  为什么不想呀？野生动物自由又开心。

• I don't think so. They may become dishes on the table any time.

  我不这么认为。它们随时都可能成为桌上的菜肴。

• So could you please not eat them?

  那么请你不要吃它们好吗？

• No way!

  不可能！

• Please have pity on them, Eddie.

  请同情一下它们吧，埃迪。

• I may die without them. In fact, these are not wild animals, Hobo.

  没有它们我会死的。事实上，这些不是野生动物，霍波。

• Animals in the wild

  野生动物

• Many wild animals are in danger. Simon is writing a report for the Wild Animals Club newsletter.

  很多野生动物都处于危险之中。西蒙正在为野生动物俱乐部简报写报道。

• Task

  任务

• Write a report on an animal in danger.

  写一篇有关某种处于危险当中的动物的报道。

• Welcome to the unit

  欢迎学习本单元

• Learning about wild animals

  了解野生动物

• The Wild Animals Club is doing a quiz on wild animals. How much do you know about them? Write the correct names under the pictures.

  野生动物俱乐部正在做一份有关野生动物的测试。你了解多少关于他们的知识呢？在图片下方写出对应的名称。

• bear

  熊

• dolphin

  海豚

• giant panda

  大熊猫

• squirrel

  松鼠

• tiger

  老虎

• zebra

  斑马

• Millie and her classmates are talking about their favourite wild animals. Work in groups and talk about the wild animals you like best. Use the conversation below as a model.

  米莉和她的同学们正在谈论他们最喜欢的野生动物。以小组为单位，谈论你们最喜欢的野生动物。把下面的对话作为范例。

• What wild animal do you like best, Kitty?

  基蒂，你最喜欢什么野生动物？

• I like monkeys best. They're so clever and funny. What about you, Simon?

  我最喜欢猴子。它们很聪明很有趣。你呢，西蒙？

• I like lions best. They're strong and they can run very fast.

  我最喜欢狮子。它们很强壮，而且跑得非常快。

• They're the kings of the animal world.

  它们是动物之王。

• Yes, they are. What wild animal do you like best, Peter?

  是的。你最喜欢什么野生动物，彼得？

• I like pandas best. They look so cute.

  我最喜欢熊猫。它们看起来很可爱。

• Pandas are my favourite animals too.

  熊猫也是我最喜欢的动物。

• Reading

  阅读

• Giant pandas

  大熊猫

• Millie found a report on giant pandas in a magazine. Here is the report.

  米莉在杂志上发现了一篇有关大熊猫的报道。这就是那篇报道。

• Animals in the Wild

  野生动物

• The story of Xi Wang

  希望的故事

• I first saw the baby panda when she was only ten days old. We called her Xi Wang. This means 'hope'.

  我第一次见到这个熊猫宝宝的时候她才出生十天。我们叫她希望，意思是“希望”。

• When Xi Wang was born, she weighed just 100 grams and looked like a white mouse. At four months old, she weighed about eight kilograms and started to go outside for the first time. Eight months later, she was not a small baby any more and weighed over 35 kilograms.

  希望刚出生时，只有一百克重，看起来像只小白鼠。四个月大的时候，她大约重8公斤，并且还第一次走到外面去。八个月之后，她不再是只小熊猫了，已重达35公斤。

• In the beginning, Xi Wang drank her mother's milk. When she was six months old, she began to eat bamboo. When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself.

  一开始希望是吃母乳。六个月大的时候，她开始吃竹子。20个月大的时候，她学会了照顾自己。

• Sadly, giant pandas face serious problems in the wild. For example, it is very difficult for pandas to have babies, and many baby pandas die when they are very young. Also, giant pandas live mainly on a special kind of bamboo. However, the bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller. As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or food to eat.

  不幸的是，大熊猫在野外面临严重的问题。例如，熊猫生宝宝非常困难，很多熊猫宝宝很小的时候就死了。另外，大熊猫主要靠一种很特别的竹子为生。然而竹林变得越来越少。因此，大熊猫可能无处生存，无以为食。

• Giant pandas are now in danger. We should take action right away. Here are some ideas.

  大熊猫现在处于危险当中。我们应该立即采取措施。这是一些办法。

• help pandas have more babies

  帮助熊猫生更多的宝宝

• build more panda reserves

  建更多的熊猫保护区

• make laws to protect pandas

  制定法律来保护熊猫

• There are now only about 1900 pandas in the wild. If we do nothing, soon there may be none left! However, we do believe that where there is Xi Wang, there is hope.

  现在野外只有大概1900只熊猫了。如果我们什么也不做，很快世界上就一只熊猫也不剩了！然而，我们坚信熊猫在，希望就在。

• Knowing about giant pandas

  了解大熊猫

• Millie does not know the meanings of some words in the report. Help her match the words on the left with the meanings on the right. Write the correct letters in the blanks.

  米莉不知道报道中一些单词的意思。帮助她将左边的单词和右边的意思搭配起来。在空白处写上对应的字母。

• be born (line 3)

  出生（第3行）

• in the beginning (line 9)

  一开始（第九行）

• serious (line 12)

  严峻的（第12行）

• mainly (line 14)

  主要地（第14行）

• take action (line 19)

  采取行动（第19行）

• none (line 25)

  没有一个（第25行）

• do something

  做些什么

• not any

  没有

• bad or dangerous

  坏的或者危险的

• at first

  起初，首先

• more than anything else

  比别的都重要

• come into the world as a baby

  以宝宝的身份来到这个世界上

• Millie is making a growth chart for Xi Wang. Help her match the sentences with the pictures. Use the information in the report on page 58 to help you. Write the correct letters in the boxes.

  米莉正在制作希望的成长图表。帮助将句子和图片搭配起来。借鉴第58页报道中的信息。在方框中写上对应的字母。

• 1 day

  1天

• 10 days

  10天

• 4 months

  4个月

• 6 months

  6个月

• 12 months

  12个月

• 20 months

  20个月

• She learnt to look after herself.

  她开始照顾自己。

• She was about eight kilograms and started to go outside.

  她大概有8公斤，开始外出。

• She looked like a white mouse.

  她看起来像一只小白鼠。

• She began to eat bamboo.

  她开始吃竹子。

• She weighted 100 grams.

  她重100克。

• She weighed over 35 kilograms.

  她的体重超过35公斤。

• Millie is telling Amy about the serious problems that giant pandas are facing. Complete what she says with the words in the box.

  米莉正在把大熊猫面临的严峻问题告诉埃米。用方框中的单词完成她所说的话。

• as a result

  因此

• in danger

  处境危险

• in the wild

  在野外

• live on

  以食……为生

• take action

  采取行动

• very young

  很小的时候

• We need to do something for giant pandas. They're now in danger. For example, giant pandas do not have many babies during their lives, and it's easy for baby pandas to get sick and die when they're very young. Also, giant pandas mainly live on a special kind of bamboo, so the bamboo forests are very important to them. However, the bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller. As a result, giant pandas may not have a place to live or food to eat. There are now only about 1900 pandas in the wild. We should take action to protect them right away.

  我们需要为大熊猫做点儿事情了。它们现在处境危险。例如，大熊猫在他们的生命中不能生很多宝宝，而且熊猫宝宝很小的时候很容易生病死去。另外，大熊猫主要以一种特别的竹子为生，因此竹林对它们来说非常重要。然而，竹林变得越来越少。结果，大熊猫可能无处生存，无以为食。现在野外只有大概1900只熊猫了。我们应该立即采取行动从而保护它们。

• Millie's classmates are asking her some questions about Xi Wang. Help Millie answer their questions.

  米莉的同学正在向她询问一些有关希望的问题。帮助米莉回答它们的问题。

• What did Xi Wang eat when she was born?

  希望刚出生的时候吃什么？

• She drank her mother's milk in the beginning, but half a year later, she began to eat bamboo.

  刚开始的时候她喝母乳，但是半年之后，她开始吃竹子。

• Did Xi Wang grow very quickly after she was born?

  希望出生之后长得非常快吗？

• Yes. She weighed only 100 grams at birth, but she weighed over 35kg when she was one year old.

  是的。她出生的时候才100克，但是一年之后，她的重量就超过35公斤了。

• Is it easy for giant pandas to live in the wild?

  大熊猫在野外生活容易吗？

• No, it isn't. They face serious problems.

  不容易，它们面临严峻的问题。

• So what should we do?

  那我们应该怎么做呢？

• We should help pandas have more babies, build more panda reserves and make laws to protect them.

  我们应该帮助熊猫生更多的宝宝，建立更多的熊猫保护区，制定法律保护它们。

• Grammar

  语法

• Using may for possibility

  用may来表达可能性

• We use may to say that something is possible.

  我们用may来说明某事有可能。

• If we do nothing, soon there may be none left!

  如果我们什么也不做，很快世界上就一只熊猫也不剩了！

• The bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller. As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or food to eat.

  竹林变得越来越少。因此，大熊猫可能无处生存，无以为食。

• In the zoo

  在动物园

• Millie is in the zoo. She is telling Sandy on the phone about what happens. Complete what Millie says using may with the words in brackets.

  米莉在动物园里。她正通过电话给桑迪讲述发生的事情。用may加括号里的单词来完成米莉所说的话。

• The elephant is going towards the water. It may need a bath.

  大象正朝水源走去。它也许需要洗澡。

• The little boy is crying because he saw the tigers. He may be afraid of them.

  小男孩正在哭，因为他看见老虎了。他可能害怕老虎。

• I cannot go near the lions and tigers. They may hurt me.

  我不能靠近狮子和老虎。它们可能会伤到我。

• The baby panda is not drinking its mum's milk. It may not be hungry.

  熊猫宝宝没在喝母乳。它可能不饿。

• The monkeys are jumping around. They may be playing with each other.

  猴子正在四处跳。它们彼此可能在玩耍。

• The horse is standing with its eyes closed. It may be sleeping.

  这匹马正闭眼站着。它可能在睡觉。

• Using verbs + to-infinitives

  运用动词+带to的不定式

• We can use verbs and to-infinitives together.

  我们可以将动词和带to的不定式连用。

• At four months old, she started to go outside for the first time.

  四个月大的时候，她开始第一次走到外面去。

• When she was six months old, she began to eat bamboo.

  六个月大的时候，她开始吃竹子。

• When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself.

  20个月大的时候，她学着照顾自己。

• We often use to-infinitives after these verbs.

  我们经常在这些单词之后用带to的不定式。

• agree

  同意，赞同

• begin

  开始

• decide

  决定

• fail

  失败

• forget

  忘记

• hope

  希望

• learn

  学习

• plan

  打算，计划

• prepare

  准备

• remember

  记住

• try

  试图

• want

  想

• More about wild animals

  更多有关野生动物的信息

• Amy's dad is asking Amy some questions about animals. Complete their conversation with the words in brackets.

  埃米的爸爸正在问埃米一些有关动物的问题。用括号里的动词完成他们的对话。

• Do you know anything special about wild animals?

  你知道有关野生动物的特别习性吗？

• Yes, Dad. For example, dolphins are clever. They can learn to work out easy maths problems.

  知道啊，爸爸。比如说，海豚很聪明。它们能学习算出简单的数学问题。

• What do you know about bats?

  你知道多少关于蝙蝠的知识？

• Bats can't see, but they can decide to fly the right way with the help of their mouth and ears.

  蝙蝠看不见，但是他们能借助嘴巴和耳朵断定往正确的路上飞。

• Did you know that bees never get lost?

  你知道吗，蜜蜂永远不会迷路？

• Yes. Bees always remember to come back the same way as they went.

  知道。蜜蜂总是能记住回来的路，和它们去时的路一样。

• What do you know about squirrels?

  你知道多少关于松鼠的知识？

• They always begin to save some food before winter comes.

  它们总是在冬天到来之前就开始储存食物。

• Yes, but sometimes they forget where to find the food.

  是的，但是它们有时候忘记了去哪儿找食物。

• Integrated skills

  综合技能

• Helping wild animals

  帮助野生动物

• Millie and Daniel want to help wild animals. They are reading a book about animals. Listen to their conversation. Help them complete the fact sheets.

  米莉和丹尼尔想帮助野生动物。他们正在看一本有关动物的书。听听他们的对话。帮助他们完成情况说明书。

• Tigers

  老虎

• Looks

  外表

• big and strong

  又大又强壮

• bright eyes

  明亮的眼睛

• orange fur with dark stripes

  带有深色条纹的橙色皮毛

• Abilities

  能力

• can run fast, but only for a short while

  跑得快，但时间短

• able to swim and climb

  会游泳和攀爬

• Qualities

  特性

• like to live alone

  喜欢独自生活

• Food

  食物

• animals

  动物

• Danger

  危险因素

• hunters catch tigers for thier fur, bones or other parts of the body

  猎人捕捉老虎是为了获取它们的皮毛、骨头或身体的其他部位

• Wolves

  狼

• Looks

  外表

• not very big

  不是很大

• thick fur

  皮毛很厚

• Abilities

  能力

• can see, hear and smell things far away

  可以看到，听到和闻到远处的东西

• can run for hours without stopping

  能连续跑几个小时

• Qualities

  特性

• often work as a team

  经常团队合作

• never kill for fun

  从不为乐趣而杀生

• Food

  食物

• animals

  动物

• sometimes they eat a little fruit too

  有时他们也吃一点水果

• Danger

  危险因素

• losing living areas

  失去生活区域

• people kill wolves because they think wolves are dangerous to humans

  人们杀死狼是因为他们认为狼对人类有危险。

• Help Millie and Daniel write a letter to tell people why it is important to protect tigers and wolves. Use the fact sheets in Part A1 on page 63 for information.

  帮助米莉和丹尼尔写一封信，告诉人们为什么保护老虎和狼很重要。在第63页A1部分的情况说明书中寻找信息。

• Dear Sir or Madam, We are writing to tell you about some wild animals in danger. Tigers are big and (1)______They have very (2)______eyes. Tigers like to live (3)______. There are not many tigers in the world now. Tigers are in danger because people catch them for their fur, (4)______or other parts of the body. Wolves are not very big. They can see (5)______and (6)______things far away. They often work as a (7)______. Sadly they have fewer and fewer living areas, and people kill them because they think wolves are (8)______to humans. They are now in danger. We think we should help these animals. Yours sincerely, Millie Daniel

  尊敬的先生或女士： 我们写信是想告诉你一些处于危险中的野生动物。 老虎很大，______。他们有非常______的眼睛。老虎喜欢生活______。现在世界上老虎不多了。老虎处于危险之中，因为人们为了获取它们的皮毛、______或身体的其他部位而捕捉它们。 狼不是很大。他们可以看到______和______远处的事物。他们经常作为 ______工作。可悲的是，它们的生活区越来越少，人们杀死它们是因为他们认为狼对人类来说是______。他们现在处于危险之中。 我们认为我们应该帮助这些动物。 您诚挚的， 米莉·丹尼尔

• Speak up: It's a great pity!

  畅所欲言：太遗憾了！

• Millie is talking to her mum about how to protect wild animals. Work in pairs and discuss the topic with your partner. Use the conversation below as a model.

  米莉正在和她妈妈谈论如何保护野生动物。两个人一组，和你的搭档一起讨论这个主题。把下面的对话作为范例。

• Mum, I read a book about wild animals today. Some of them are now in danger.

  妈妈，我今天看了一本有关野生动物的书。其中一些动物现在处境很危险。

• I'm sorry to hear that. It's a great pity!

  听到那个消息我很难过。太可惜了！

• Yes. Many animals lose their lives because people hunt them. They sell the animals' fur, bones or other parts of the body.

  是的。很多动物失去它们的性命，因为人们捕杀它们。人们卖动物皮、骨头或者身上其它的部位。

• What a shame! We shouldn't buy fur coats any more.

  真羞愧！我们再也不买皮大衣了。

• Right. I think everybody should act to protect wild animals.

  对。我认为人人都应该行动起来保护野生动物。

• Study skills

  学习技巧

• The suffixes -ing, -ness and -ion

  后缀-ing,-ness和-ion

• We can add -ing, -ness and -ion to some verbs and adjectives to form nouns.

  我们可以在一些动词、形容词词尾加上-ing,-ness和-ion从而构成名词。

• TIP Sometimes we need to change the ending of the verb/adjective when we add the suffix. shop→shopping happy→happiness decide→decision invite→invitation

  提示 有时候我们在词尾加后缀的时候，我们需要改变该动词/形容词的结尾部分。 逛商店→购物 高兴的→幸福 决定→抉择 邀请→邀请

• Verb/Adjective + Suffix → Noun

  动词/形容词+后缀→名词

• mean + ing → meaning

• ill + ness → illness

• act + ion → action

• Change the following verbs and adjectives into nouns by adding the correct suffixes. You may use a dictionary to help you.

  通过添加恰当的后缀，将下面的动词和形容词变成名词。你可以使用字典来帮你。

• discuss

  讨论，议论

• collect

  收集

• kind

  善良的

• sick

  有病的

• feel

  感觉

• celebrate

  庆祝

• begin

  开始

• dark

  黑暗

• meet

  遇见

• invite

  邀请

• Fill in the blanks with the words in brackets. Change each word into a noun by adding a suffix. Use the plural form if necessary.

  用括号中的单词填空。通过添加后缀，将各个单词变成名词。有必要的话可使用复数形式。

• Dear all, We are members of the Wild Animals Club. Many wild animals are now in danger because of hunting. They need our protection. Wild animals are our friends. Some famous artists have wonderful paintings of them. Wild animals also have their own families. They have feelings of happiness and sadness. We should not kill them for any reason. We hope you can accept our invitation and join us. Thank you for your kindness.

  大家好： 我们是野生动物俱乐部的成员。由于捕杀，很多野生动物现在处境很危险。它们需要我们的保护。 野生动物是我们的朋友。一些著名的画家画了精美的动物画。野生动物也有它们的家。它们有开心和悲伤的情绪。我们不应该因为任何理由去捕杀它们。 我们希望你们接受我们的邀请，加入我们俱乐部。谢谢你们的仁慈。

• Task

  任务

• A report on an animal in danger

  关于一种处境很危险的动物的报道

• Simon wants to write a report on bears for the Wild Animals Club. Read his notes below.

  西蒙想给野生动物俱乐部写一篇有关熊的报道。阅读下面他的笔记。

• A report on bears

  有关熊的报道

• Looks

  外形

• big and heavy, large body, short and strong legs, large paws, short tail

  又大又重，身体硕大，腿又短又结实，脚掌很大，尾巴很短

• Food

  食物

• most eat meat and fish, some also eat plants and insects

  大多数是吃肉和鱼，有些还吃植物和昆虫

• Abilities

  能力

• can run very fast, good at climbing and swimming

  能跑得非常快，擅长攀爬和游泳

• Qualities

  特征

• move around slowly in the daytime, sleep through the winter, seldom hurt people

  白天慢慢地走来走去，冬天冬眠，很少伤人

• Danger

  危险

• hunters catch them for their fur and paws

  猎人抓它们以获得它们的皮毛和脚掌

• Useful expressions

  实用表达

• ... are big and heavy/ strong/small/lovely/cute.

  ……又大又重/结实/很小/很可爱/很可爱。

• They have ...

  它们有……

• Their ... are ...

  它们的……很……

• They eat meat/fish/plants/insects.

  它们吃肉/鱼/植物/昆虫。

• They can ...

  它们会……

• They are good at ...

  它们擅长……

• They seldom/often ...

  它们很少/经常……

• People catch/hunt ... for ...

  人们抓/捕获……为了……

• We should take action to ...

  我们应该采取行动……

• Help Simon complete his report using his notes in Part A.

  用A部分中西蒙的笔记来帮助他完成他的报道。

• Bears are in danger!

  熊的处境很危险！

• Bears are big and heavy. They have large body, short and strong legs and large paws. Their tails are short.

  熊又大又重。它们的身体很硕大，腿很短很结实，脚掌很大。它们的尾巴很短。

• Most bears eat meat and fish, but some also eat plants and insects.

  大多数熊吃肉和鱼，但是一些还吃植物和昆虫。

• Bears can run very fast. They are good at climbing and swimming.

  熊跑得非常快。它们擅长攀爬和游泳。

• Bears move around slowly in the daytime. They sleep through the winter. They seldom hurt people.

  熊白天的时候会慢慢地走来走去。冬天冬眠。很少伤人。

• Sadly, many hunters catch bears for their fur and paws. We should take action to stop this. Otherwise, there many be no bears left in the world.

  不幸的是，很多猎人猎取熊以获得它们的皮毛和脚掌。我们应该采取行动来制止这种行为。否则，世界上也许就没有熊留下了。

• You also want to write a report on an animal in danger. Discuss your ideas with your partner. Then write the report. Use Simon's notes and report as a model.

  你也想写一篇有关某种处境很危险的动物的报道。和你的搭档一起讨论你们的观点。然后把这篇报道写出来。把西蒙的笔记和报道作为范例。

• Self-assessment

  自我评估

• I have learnt

  我已经学习了

• Details

  具体内容

• Result

  结果

• about some wild animals.

  有关一些野生动物的知识。

• to use the new words to talk about a wild animal.

  用新单词来谈论一种野生动物。

• to use may for possibility.

  用may来表达可能性

• to use verbs + to-infinitives.

  运用动词+带to的不定式

• The suffixes -ing, -ness and -ion

  后缀-ing,-ness和-ion

• Result:

  结果

• Excellent!

  非常好！

• Good!

  很好！

• Not bad!

  不是很好！

• I need to spend more time on______.

  我需要花更多时间在______。

Unit 6 Birdwatching

• Unit 6 Birdwatching

  第六单元 观鸟

• Do you like bridwatching, Eddie?

  埃迪，你喜欢观鸟吗？

• Sure. I often go to the market to watch the birds.

  当然。我经常去市场观鸟。

• The market?

  市场？

• Yeah, I like the birds at the market. Hens and ducks ... Yummy!

  是的，我喜欢市场上的鸟。母鸡和鸭子……真美味！

• Joining the Birdwatching Society

  加入观鸟协会

• The science teacher encourages the Class 1, Grade 8 students to join the Birdwatching Society to learn more about birds in the wetlands.

  科学老师鼓励8年级1班的学生们加入观鸟协会，学习更多有关湿地中鸟类的知识。

• Task

  任务

• Write an application letter to join the Birdwatching Society.

  写一封申请加入观鸟协会的信。

• Welcome to the unit

  欢迎学习本单元

• What do you know about birds?

  你知道多少关于鸟的知识？

• The science teacher is showing the students some pictures of birds. She is also giving them descriptions of the birds. Match the pictures with the descriptions. Write the correct letters in the boxes.

  科学老师正在给学生们看一些鸟类的图片。她还在向学生们描述这些鸟类。将图片描述搭配起来，在方框中写出对应的字母。

• Crane

  鹤

• tall

  高的

• long legs

  长腿

• long thin neck

  又长又细的脖子

• Sparrow

  麻雀

• small

  小的

• brown and grey feathers

  棕灰色的羽毛

• Swan

  天鹅

• long thin neck

  又长又细的脖子

• white feathers

  白色的羽毛

• Eagle

  鹰

• broad wings

  宽阔的翅膀

• brown feathers

  棕色的羽毛

• Annie is asking Simon about birds. Work in pairs and talk about the birds you like. Use the conversation below as a model. The information in Part A may help you.

  安妮正在问西蒙有关鸟的问题。两个人一组，谈论你们喜欢的鸟。把下面的对话作为范例。可借鉴A部分中的信息。

• What's your favourite bird, Simon?

  西蒙，你最喜欢的鸟是什么？

• I like cranes.

  我喜欢鹤。

• What do cranes look like?

  鹤是什么样子的？

• Cranes are tall. They have long legs and a long thin neck.

  鹤很高，长着长长的腿，又长又细的脖子。

• How many types of cranes are there in the world?

  世界上有多少种鹤？

• There are only 15 types of cranes. They're rare birds.

  只有15种鹤。它们是稀有的鸟。

• Reading

  阅读

• Birds in Zhalong

  扎龙的鸟

• Sandy joined the Birdwatching Society. She is reading an article in the society newsletter. Here is the article.

  桑迪加入了观鸟协会。她正在看协会简报上的一篇文章。这就是那篇文章。

• Zhalong — a special place

  扎龙——一个特别的地方

• Zhalong Nature Reserve is in Heilongjiang Province in North-east China. It is one of the world's most important wetlands. The area provides food and cover for a lot of wildlife. It is a perfect place for some rare birds.

  扎龙自然保护区位于中国东北黑龙江省。它是世界上最重要的湿地之一。该地区为很多野生生物提供了食物和栖息地。它是一些稀有鸟类栖息的理想之地。

• Many birds live in Zhalong all year round, while some go there only for a short stay. Most birds are active in the daytime, so you can easily watch them there. There are not many types of cranes left in the world, but 40 per cent of those types live in Zhalong.

  许多鸟类常年栖息在扎龙，也有一些鸟类只在那里短暂停留。大多数鸟类都在白天活动，因此你可以很容易地在那里看到它们。世界上现存的鹤类已经不多了，但其中40%栖息在扎龙。

• Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings. This will lead to less and less space for wildlife. Moreover, fishermen keep fishing there. As a result, the birds do not have enough food to eat. Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong.

  一些人想减少湿地面积，以便有更多的地方来务农以及建房子。这就会导致提供给野生动物的地方越来越少。此外，渔民一直在那里捕鱼。结果，鸟类就没有足够吃的食物了。如今，中国政府已经制定了法律来保护扎龙的所有这些物种。

• Once a year, the members of our Birdwatching Society go to study the birds in Zhalong. We record their types and changes in their numbers.

  我们观鸟协会的成员每年都会去一次扎龙，研究那里的鸟类。我们记录鸟类的种类，并更新鸟类的数量。

• Every year, a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch the birds. We are now inviting them to help us. We need more people to count and describe the birds. We hope this will help people understand the importance of the wetlands.

  每年都有大量的游客来扎龙观鸟。我们现在邀请他们来帮我们。我们需要更多人来数鸟并对其进行描述。我们希望这么做可以帮助人们了解湿地的重要性。

• What do birdwatchers do?

  观鸟者做些什么？

• Sandy does not know the meanings of some words in the article. Help her match the words on the left with the meanings on the right. Write the correct letters in the blanks.

  桑迪不知道文章当中一些单词的意思。帮助她将左边的单词和右边的意思搭配起来。在空白处写上对应的字母。

• provide (line 3)

  提供（第3行）

• perfect (line 3)

  理想的（第3行）

• lead to (line 10)

  导致（第十行）

• prevent (line 13)

  阻止（第13行）

• tourist (line 17)

  游客（第17行）

• understand (line 19)

  了解（第19行）

• stop something from happening

  阻止某事发生

• know

  知道

• a person who is travelling or visiting a place

  某地旅行或者参观的人

• give something to someone or something else

  把某物提供给某人或者别的某物

• the best

  最好的

• have something as a result

  最后发生了某事

• Sandy wants to tell her classmates about the article. She wrote down some important information. Can you find it in the article on page 70? Help her fill in the blanks with the correct letters.

  桑迪想告诉她的同学关于这篇文章的事情。她记下了一些重要的信息。你能在第70页的文章当中找到吗？帮助她用正确的字母填空。

• About birds in Zhalong

  关于扎龙的鸟

• What the Birdwatching Society members do

  观鸟协会的成员们都做些什么？

• More people can help count and describe the birds

  更多的人可以帮忙数鸟并描述鸟类

• Birds in Zhalong are in danger

  扎龙的鸟处境很危险

• About Zhalong Nature Reserve

  关于扎龙自然保护区

• Paragraph 1

  第1段

• Paragraph 2

  第2段

• Paragraph 3

  第3段

• Paragraph 4

  第4段

• Paragraph 5

  第5段

• Daniel wants to send an email about Zhalong to his friend in the UK. Help him check for mistakes. Write a T if a sentence is true or an F if it is false.

  丹尼尔想给他的英国朋友发送一封有关扎龙的电子邮件。帮他检查一下错误。如果句子是正确的，那就写T，如果是错误的，那就写F。

• Zhalong is an important wetland in the world.

  扎龙是世界上重要的湿地。

• Birds can find food and cover in Zhalong.

  鸟类能在扎龙找到食物和栖息地。

• The birds in Zhalong live in large cages.

  扎龙的鸟生活在大笼子里。

• Most birds are active at night.

  大多数鸟晚上的时候都很活跃。

• Forty per cent of cranes live in other parts of the world.

  40%的鹤都生活在世界上其它地方。

• The Chinese government has made laws to protect wildlife.

  中国政府已经制定了保护野生生物的法律。

• Zhalong needs more people to feed the birds.

  扎龙需要更多的人来喂鸟。

• Studying Zhalong helps us learn about protecting wildlife.

  研究扎龙帮助我们了解更多有关保护野生生物的知识。

• Daniel is asking Sandy some questions about Zhalong. Complete their conversation with the words in the article on page 70.

  丹尼尔正在问桑迪一些有关扎龙的问题。用第70页文章当中的单词来完成他们的对话。

• Where's Zhalong Nature Reserve, Sandy?

  桑迪，扎龙自然保护区在哪儿？

• It's in Heilongjiang Province in North-east China.

  它位于中国东北黑龙江省。

• Do you know the importance of the reserve for wildlife?

  你知道这个保护区对野生生物的重要性吗？

• Yes. It provides food and cover for wildlife. It's a perfect place for some rare birds.

  知道。它给野生生物提供了食物和栖息地。是一些稀有鸟类的理想之地。

• Do lots of birds go there?

  有大量的鸟飞去那里吗？

• Yes. Many birds live there all year round, while some go there only for a short stay.

  是的。很多鸟长年生活在扎龙，而有些鸟则仅去那儿作短暂停留。

• Are the birds there facing any problems?

  那里的鸟类正面临着一些问题吗？

• Yes, but our government has made laws to protect them.

  是的，但是我们政府已经制定法律来保护它们了。

• What do members of the Birdwatching Society do?

  观鸟协会的成员们都做些什么？

• They go to study the birds in Zhalong once a year. Now they're inviting some tourists to count and describe the birds.

  他们每年去一次扎龙，去研究那里的鸟类。现在他们正在邀请一些游客去数数并描述鸟类。

• Grammar

  语法

• Using to-infinitives for purpose

  用带to的不定式来表达目的

• We can use to-infinitives to express purpose.

  我们可以用带to的不定式来表达目的。

• I often go to the market to watch the birds.

  我经常去市场观鸟。

• Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things.

  现在中国政府已经制定了法律来保护所有的这些物种。

• We can also use in order to to express purpose. This is more formal than using to-infinitives.

  我们还可以用in order to来表达目的。这比用带to的不定式更正式。

• Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings.

  一些人想减小湿地面积，以便有更多的地方务农、建房子。

• Take a notebook with you in order to write down what you see.

  你随身带一个笔记本，以便记下你看到的东西。

• What people do in Zhalong

  扎龙的人都做些什么

• Amy is thinking about the things people do in Zhalong Nature Reserve. Match the first parts of the sentences on the left with the second parts on the right. Write the correct letters in the blanks.

  埃米正在思考扎龙自然保护区里的人都做些什么事情。将左边的句子的第一部分同右边的句子的第二部分搭配起来，在空白处写上对应的字母。

• People go to Zhalong to watch the birds.

  人们去扎龙观鸟。

• They should read about the birds first to learn more about them.

  他们应该先读一些有关鸟类的知识，从而了解更多有关它们的知识。

• Most people take a camera to take photos of the birds.

  大部分人都带照相机去拍鸟。

• The Birdwatching Society goes to study the birds in the wetlands.

  观鸟协会去研究湿地中的鸟类。

• Using verbs + objects + to-infinitives

  运用动词+宾语+带to的不定式

• TIP We often use these verbs in this structure. advise ask invite order teach tell

  提示 这些动词一般用在这种结构中。 建议 请求 邀请 命令 教导 告诉

• We can use some verbs with objects and to-infinitives.

  我们可以把一些动词和宾语、带to的不定式连用。

• We are now inviting them to help us.

  我们现在在请求他们帮我们。

• We need more people to count and describe the birds.

  我们需要更多人来数鸟并对其进行描述。

• We add not before to-infinitives to express a negative meaning.

  我们在带to的不定式前加上not来表示否定意思。

• We ask people not to catch birds for any reason.

  我们请求人们不要因为任何理由去捕获鸟类。

• We can use some verbs in this structure with infinitives without to.

  我们可以在这种结构中运用不带to的不定式。

• make or let + object + infinitive without to

  make或者let+宾语+不带to的不定式

• Max tells funny jokes and often makes me laugh.

  马克斯讲笑话，经常逗我笑。

• Mr Wu agreed to let me join their school trip.

  吴老师同意让我参加他们的学校旅行。

• see or hear + object + infinitive without to

  see或者hear+宾语+不带to的不定式

• She saw a baby panda drink her mother's milk.

  她看见一只熊猫宝宝喝母乳。

• Millie and Amy heard someone sing in the park.

  米莉和埃米听到有人在公园里唱歌。

• help + object + infinitive with or without to

  help+宾语+带to的不定式或者不带to的不定式

• This will help people (to) understand the importance of the wetlands.

  这会帮助人们了解湿地的重要性。

• Going birdwatching

  去观鸟

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students went to Zhalong Nature Reserve. Sandy is writing about their trip. Help her complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

  8年级1班的学生去扎龙自然保护区了。桑迪正在写有关他们旅行的句子。用括号中动词的正确形式来帮助她完成这些句子。

• Mr Wu asked us to wear a pair of comfortable shoes because we would have to walk a long way.

  吴老师叫我们穿一双舒服的鞋子，因为我们要走很长一段路。

• We heard some birds sing in the trees.

  我们听到一些鸟儿在树上唱歌。

• Mr Wu told us to watch the birds carefully.

  吴老师告诉我们观鸟要仔细。

• He also encouraged us to describe the birds.

  他还鼓励我们描述那些鸟。

• He advised us not to shout in the wetlands.

  他建议我们在湿地里不要大声喧哗。

• The cold weather made some birds fly south for the winter.

  寒冷的天气使得一些鸟类飞到南方去过冬。

• The trip helped us learn more about wildlife.

  这次旅行帮助我们了解了更多有关野生生物的知识。

• Integrated skills

  综合技能

• Yancheng Nature Reserve

  盐城自然保护区

• Daniel found a quiz about the wetlands in Jiangsu Province on the website of the Birdwatching Society. Read the quiz below and help him choose the correct answer to each question.

  丹尼尔在观鸟协会网站上发现了一份有关江苏省湿地的问卷。阅读下面的问卷，帮助他选择正确答案来完成各个问题。

• Facts about Yancheng Nature Reserve

  盐城自然保护区概况

• Yancheng Nature Reserve is in______Province in China.

  盐城自然保护区位于中国______省。

• Heilongjiang, North-east

  黑龙江，东北部

• Hainan, South

  海南，南部

• Jiangsu, East

  江苏，东部

• Yancheng Nature Reserve is a perfect place to______

  盐城自然保护区是______的完美场所。

• buy the birds

  买鸟

• hunt the birds

  猎鸟

• watch the birds

  看鸟

• The reserve covers an area of over______square kilometres.

  保护区面积超过______平方公里。

• 453

  四百五十三

• 4530

  四千五百三十

• 45300

  四万五千三百

• Yancheng is the______home to red-crowned cranes in China.

  盐城是中国丹顶鹤的______故乡。

• largest

  最大的

• second largest

  第二大

• third largest

  第三大

• About______red-crowned cranes fly to Yancheng Nature Reserve every year to spend the winter.

  每年约有______只丹顶鹤飞往盐城自然保护区过冬。

• 100 to 300

  100至300

• 300 to 1,000

  300至1000

• 1,000 to 3,000

  1000至3000

• In______,Yancheng Nature Reserve became one of the world's most important wetlands.

  ______，盐城自然保护区成为世界上最重要的湿地之一。

• 1997

  1997年

• 2002

  2002年

• 1992

  1992年

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students are now listening to the first part of a radio programme. Check whether you chose the correct answers in Part A1.

  8年级1班的学生们正在听广播节目的第一部分的内容。检查你在A1部分中选的答案是不是正确的。

• Daniel is writing a report on Yancheng Nature Reserve. Listen to the whole radio programme and help him complete the report.

  丹尼尔正在写一篇有关盐城自然保护区的报道。听整段广播节目，然后帮助他完成这篇报道。

• Yancheng Nature Reserve is in Jiangsu Frovince in (1)______China. It covers an area of over (2)______square kilometres. It became one of the world's most important wetlands in (3)______. Yancheng Nature Reserve is home to different kinds of plants and rare birds. There are not many (4)______in the world, but there are some in Yancheng Nature Reserve It is a perfect place to go (5)______. People celebrate the World Wetlands Day on (6)______each year. We should protect the wetlands not only because they are home to many plants, birds and (7)______, but also because they are important to the (8)______of people all over the world.

  盐城自然保护区位于中国______江苏省。它占地面积超过______平方公里。在______年，它成为了世界上最重要的湿地之一。 盐城自然保护区是各种植物和珍稀鸟类的家园。世界上______并不多，但在盐城自然保护区有一些。这是一个______的完美场所。 人们在每年的______庆祝世界湿地日。我们应该保护湿地，不仅因为它们是许多植物、鸟类和______的家园，还因为它们对全世界人民的______都很重要。

• Speak up: What should we take with us?

  畅所欲言：我们应该随身携带什么？

• Daniel is asking Sandy for some adviece before going birdwatching. Work in pairs and ask for advice on an activity. Use the conversation below as a model.

  去观鸟之前，丹尼尔在向桑迪征询意见。两人一组，为某项活动寻求意见。把下面的对话作为范例。

• What should we take with us when we go birdwatching, Sandy?

  桑迪，我们去观鸟的时候，应该随身携带什么？

• You'd better take a pair of binoculars. They'll help you see the birds more clearly.

  你最好带一个双筒望远镜。那会帮助你更清楚地看到鸟。

• OK. What else should we take?

  好。我们还要携带些什么？

• You should take some water. Usually it takes hours to watch the birds. You may get thirsty.

  你应该带一些水。观鸟通常要花几个小时，你会感到口渴的。

• All right. Anything else?

  对。还要带别的吗？

• Take a notebook with you to write down what you see.

  随身携带一个笔记本，记录你所看到的东西。

• OK. Thanks, Sandy.

  好。谢谢你，桑迪。

• Study skills

  学习技巧

• The suffixes -er, -or and -ist

  后缀-er,-or以及-ist

• We can add -er, -or and -ist to some words to form nouns for people.

  我们可以在一些单词词尾加上-er,-or以及-ist来构成表明人身份的名词。

• TIP Sometimes we need to change the ending of the verb/noun when we add the suffix. dance→dancer win→winner piano→pianist science→scientist

  提示 有时我们加后缀的时候需要改变动词/名词的词尾。 跳舞→舞者 赢→胜利者 钢琴→钢琴家 科学→科学家

• Verb/Noun + Suffix → Noun

  动词/名词+后缀→名词

• speak + er → speaker

• visit + or → visitor

• tour + ist → tourist

• Change the following words into nouns for people by adding the correct suffixes. You may use a dictionary to help you.

  通过添加恰当的后缀，将下面的单词变成表明人身份的名词。你可以使用字典来帮你。

• act

  表演

• art

  艺术

• drive

  开车

• farm

  农场

• paint

  颜料

• play

  玩

• report

  报告

• science

  科学

• work

  工作

• write

  写

• Complete the following sentences with the correct nouns of the words in brackets. Use the plural form if necessary.

  用括号中单词对应的名词形式完成下面的句子。有必要的话用复数形式。

• Birds are singers. They can make beautiful sounds. Some actors can make different bird sounds. It is very interesting.

  鸟儿是歌唱家。它们会发出漂亮的声音。一些表演者能发出不同种类的鸟叫声。那非常有趣。

• A lot of tourists go to the wetlands to watch the birds every year. There are many visitors at bird shows too. Some artists like to paint birds. The birds in their pictures are really beautiful. Some writers like to include birds in their poems too.

  每年都有大量的游客去湿地观鸟。飞禽表演上也有很多游客。一些美术家喜欢画鸟。他们画中的鸟真的很漂亮。一些作家喜欢把鸟写进他们的诗歌里。

• Birds are part of our lives. They are our friends.

  鸟是我们生活的一部分。它们是我们的朋友。

• Task

  任务

• Making an application

  写申请

• You want to join the Birdwatching Society. Here is an application form. Complete it with your own information.

  你想加入观鸟协会。这是一张申请表。用你自己的信息完成这张表。

• Birdwatching Society

  观鸟协会

• Application form

  申请表

• Name

  姓名：

• Date of birth

  出生日期:

• Address

  地址：

• Telephone number

  电话号码：

• Email

  电子邮箱：

• School

  学校：

• Grade

  年级：

• Favourite subject(s)

  最喜欢的主题：

• Interests and hobbies

  兴趣爱好：

• Activities to protect wildlife

  保护野生动物的活动：

• Free time

  空闲时间：

• Useful expressions

  实用表达

• I am a student at ... and I am in Grade ...

  我是一个……的学生，我上……年级。

• My favourite subject(s) is/are ...

  我最喜欢的科目是……

• I am very interested in ...

  我对……非常感兴趣。

• I would like to be a member of/join ...

  我想成为……的一员/加入……

• I think it is important for me to ...

  我认为……对我来说很重要。

• I can take part in activities from ... to ... on ...

  从……到……的……我可以参加活动。

• I will be very happy if I can become a member of ...

  如果我能成为……的一员，我将十分高兴。

• You can call me on ... or email me at ...

  你可以拨打……找我或者把电子邮件发送到……给我。

• Read Amy's application letter below.

  阅读下面埃米的申请表。

• Dear Chairperson, I would like to join the Birdwatching Society. First, let me introduce myself. I am a Grade 8 student at Sunshine Middle School. My favourite subject is Biology. I am very interested in learning about different kinds of plants, birds and animals. I enjoy the natural world. I would like to become a member of the Birdwatching Society and take part in activities. I want to know more about birds, and I think it is important for me to do something to protect them. I can take part in activities from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. on Sundays. I will be very happy if I can become a member of the Birdwatching Society. You can call me on 010-55586390 or email me at amy@sunshine.com. Yours sincerely, Zhao Mei

  敬爱的主席： 我想加入观鸟协会。 首先，让我介绍一下自己。我是阳光中学八年级的学生。我最喜欢的课程是生物。我对学习不同种类的植物、鸟以及动物非常感兴趣。我喜欢自然世界。 我想成为观鸟协会的一员。我想了解更多有关鸟类的知识，而且我认为对于我来说，做点儿事情去保护鸟类很重要。星期天下午2点到5点我可以去参加活动。 如果我能成为观鸟协会的一员，我将十分高兴。你可以拨打010-55586390找我，或者发送电子邮件到amy@sunshine.com.给我。 真诚的 赵梅

• You also want to join the Birdwatching Society. Write your own application letter. Use Amy's letter as a model.

  你也想加入观鸟协会。自己写一封申请信函吧。把埃米的信件作为范例。

• Self-assessment

  自我评估

• I have learnt

  我已经学习了

• Details

  具体内容

• Result

  结果

• about birdwatching.

  有关观鸟的知识。

• to use the new words to talk about birds and birdwatching.

  用新单词来谈论鸟类和观鸟活动。

• to use to-infinitives for purpose.

  用带to的不定式来表达目的

• to use verbs + objects + to-infinitives.

  运用动词+宾语+带to的不定式

• The suffixes -er, -or and -ist

  后缀-er,-or以及-ist

• Result:

  结果

• Excellent!

  非常好！

• Good!

  很好！

• Not bad!

  不是很好！

• I need to spend more time on______.

  我需要花更多时间在______。

Unit 7 Seasons

• Unit 7 Seasons

  第七单元 季节

• It's too cold. Bring me my clothes, Hobo.

  太冷了。霍波，把我的衣服拿来。

• Is this one OK?

  这件可以吗？

• Good. Do I look cool?

  很好。我看起来酷吗？

• I bet you'll look cool and feel cool with nothing on!

  我敢说什么都不穿，你会看起来酷，感觉也很酷！

• Which season do you like best?

  你最喜欢哪个季节？

• The Class 1, Grade 8 students are discussing seasons of the year. They want to share what they do in the different seasons.

  8年级1班的学生们正在讨论一年中的季节。他们想分享他们在不同季节里所做的事情。

• Task

  任务

• Write about your favourite season.

  写一写有关你最喜欢的季节。

• Welcome to the unit

  欢迎学习本单元

• Weather and seasons

  天气和季节

• Simon is talking to his friends about the weather. Look at the words in the box and match them with the pictures.

  西蒙正在和他的朋友们聊天气。看一看方框中的单词，将这些单词和图片搭配起来。

• cloudy

  多云的

• foggy

  有雾的，多雾的

• rainy

  有雨的

• snowy

  有雪的

• sunny

  晴朗的

• windy

  刮风的

• Amy and Simon are talking about their favourite seasons. Work in pairs and talk about which season you like best. Use the conversation below as a model.

  埃米和西蒙正在谈论他们最喜欢的季节。两个人一组，谈论你们最喜欢的季节，把下面的对话作为范例。

• Which season do you like best, Simon?

  西蒙，你最喜欢哪个季节？

• I like autumn.

  我喜欢秋天。

• Why do you like it?

  你为什么喜欢秋天？

• Because it's always sunny. It's the best time to play football outside. Which is your favourite season?

  因为秋天的天气一直很晴朗。是去外面踢足球的最佳时机。你最喜欢哪个季节？

• I like summer.

  我喜欢夏天。

• Why? Summer is so hot.

  为什么？夏天太热了。

• In summer, I can go swimming and enjoy ice cream every day!

  夏天，我可以每天都去游泳，每天都吃冰淇淋！

• Reading

  阅读

• A poem about the seasons

  一首有关季节的诗歌

• Millie is reading a poem about the seasons of the year. Here is the poem

  米莉正在阅读一首有关一年四季的诗。这就是那首诗。

• POEM

  诗

• Seasons of the year

  一年四季

• Winter days are full of snow, When trees and flowers forget to grow, And the birds fly far away To find a warm and sunny day.

  冬天冰雪皑皑， 当树木和花朵都忘记了去生长的时候， 鸟儿就飞向远方， 去寻找温暖、明媚的天堂。

• The days of spring are windy and bright. What a perfect time to fly a kite! Bees and butterflies play among flowers, Then hide from the April showers.

  春天风和日丽， 正是放风筝的好时节！ 蜜蜂和蝴蝶在花丛中嬉戏， 有时要躲避四月阵雨的突袭。

• Those sweet memories of summer days Are about quiet streams and trees and shade, And lazy afternoons by a pool, Eating ice cream to feel cool.

  那些夏天的美好回忆 就是在平静的小溪边，树底下的阴凉处， 以及慵懒下午的水池边， 吃一个冰淇淋，来获得清凉。

• Then autumn leaves turn brown, Fall into piles upon the ground. Farmers work to harvest crops, As the days are shorter and the temperature drops. Soon the snowy season will begin, And it will be a new year once again.

  秋天树叶变成棕色， 掉落下来，成堆地累积在地面上。 农民们忙着收获庄稼， 随着白天变短，温度下降， 很快下雪的季节就要到来了， 新的一年就会再次到来了。

• Changing seasons

  季节变换

• Some of the words in a poem often rhyme. Help Millie complete the sentences.

  诗歌中的有些单词经常会押韵。帮助米莉完成这些句子。

• Snow rhymes with grow.

  snow和grow押韵。

• Away rhymes with day.

  away和day押韵。

• Bright rhymes with kite.

  bright和kite押韵。

• Flowers rhymes with showers.

  flowers和showers押韵。

• Days rhymes with shade.

  days和shade押韵。

• Pool rhymes with cool.

  pool和cool押韵。

• Brown rhymes with ground.

  brown和ground押韵。

• Crops rhymes with drop

  crops和drop押韵。

• Begin rhymes with again.

  begin和again押韵。

• Millie is drawing pictures of the four seasons. Help her write the correct seasons in the blanks. Then match each season with the descriptions in the poem. Write the correct letters in the boxes.

  米莉正在画四季的图片。帮助她在空白处写上对应的季节。然后将诗歌中对各个季节的描述搭配起来。在方框中写上对应的字母。

• quiet streams, trees and shade

  平静的小溪边，树底下的阴凉处

• eat ice cream

  吃冰淇淋

• full of snow

  白雪皑皑

• birds fly far away

  鸟儿飞向远方

• a perfect time to fly a kite

  放风筝的好时节

• bees and butterflies play among flowers

  蜜蜂和蝴蝶在花丛中嬉戏

• brown leaves fall on the ground

  棕色的树叶掉落到地上

• farmers harvest crops

  农民收获庄稼

• Amy's cousin Shirley wrote down her conversation with Amy about the seasons, but she made six mistakes in Amy's answers. Help her underline the mistakes and write the correct word above each one.

  埃米的表妹雪莉记录了一些她和埃米有关季节的对话，但是她在埃米的答句中犯了六处错误。帮助她在错误处划线，然后将正确的单词写在错误的单词上方。

• Why do we seldom see birds in winter, Amy?

  埃米，我们为什么在冬天的时候很少看到鸟？

• Because most of them fly away to a warm and sunny place.

  因为大多数的鸟都飞到温暖、明媚的地方去了。

• Can you describe the weather in spring?

  你能描述春天的天气吗？

• Yes. It's cloudy and bright, and in April, the wind may come suddenly.

  能。春天风和日丽，四月份的时候，雨可能会突然袭来。

• How do people feel on a hot summer afternoon?

  夏天炎热的下午，人们有什么感觉？

• They feel lazy and like to eat ice cream.

  他们感觉很慵懒，喜欢吃冰淇淋。

• How does the weather change when autumn comes?

  当秋天来的时候，天气有什么变化？

• The leaves turn brown and the temperature drops quickly.

  树叶变成棕色的，温度也会快速下降。

• Millie is writing about seasons of the year. Help her complete her article with the words in the poem on page 82.

  米莉正在写有关一年四季的文章。用第82页诗歌中的单词来帮助她完成她的文章。

• Seasons of the year

  一年四季

• In winter, white snow covers the whole earth. It is often very cold and the temperature can drop below zero.

  冬天的时候，白雪覆盖了整个大地。气温经常很寒冷，温度会降到零度以下。

• The weather is nice in spring. A windy day is perfect for flying a kite. Bees and butterflies play among flowers. Then they hide away when the April showers come.

  春天的天气很温和。刮风之日是放风筝的最佳时节。蜜蜂和蝴蝶在花丛中嬉戏。然后它们要躲避四月阵雨的突袭。

• People often have sweet memories of summer days. They go swimming and eat ice cream. They like to play by quiet streams or under the shade of trees.

  人们经常有夏天的美好回忆。他们去游泳，吃冰淇淋。他们喜欢在平静的小溪边以及树荫下面玩耍。

• When autumn comes, the leaves turn brown and fall into piles upon the ground. Farmers are busy harvesting crops. Soon it will be a new year once again.

  秋天来的时候，树叶变成棕色的，然后掉落下来，成堆地积累在地面上。农民忙于收获庄稼。很快新的一年就要到了。

• Grammar

  语法

• Verbs and sentence structures

  动词和句子结构

• TIP The subject and object can be a pronoun or a noun phrase.

  提示 主语和宾语可以是代词或者是一个名词短语。

• The basic parts of a sentence are the subject (S), the verb (V) and the object (O). Usually a statement begins with the subject and the verb. We divide verbs into three kinds: intransitive verbs (vi.), transitive verbs (vt.) and linking verbs (linking v.).

  一个句子的主要部分就是主语（S），动词（V）以及宾语（O）。通常一个句子都是以主语和动词开始。我们把动词分成这三类：不及物动词(vi.)，及物动词(vt.)和联系动词(linking v.)。

• An intransitive verb does not take an object. The sentence structure is like this:

  不及物动词不接宾语。句子结构就是这样的：

• S + V → The temperature drops.

  主谓→温度下降。

• A transitive verb takes an object. The verb tells us what the subject does to something else (the object). The sentence structure is like this:

  及物动词接宾语。动词告诉我们主语对别的物品（宾语）做什么。句子结构就是这样的：

• S + V + O → Farmers harvest crops.

  主谓宾→农民收割庄稼。

• TIP Common linking verbs are: be become feel get grow look seem smell sound stay taste turn

  提示 常见的连接动词有： be动词 变成 感觉 得到 成长 看起来 似乎 闻起来 听起来 待着 尝起来 使（变得）

• A linking verb links the subject and the adjective phrase or noun phrase that describes it.

  连系动词连接主语和描述主语的形容词短语或者名词短语。

• A word or a group of words that follows a linking verb is the predicative (P). The sentence structure is like this:

  连系动词后面所接的一个单词或者一组词语就是表语(P)。句子结构就是这样的：

• S + V + P → Autumn leaves turn brown.

  主谓表→秋季树叶变黄。

• Writing about the seasons

  写一写有关季节的句子

• Millie is writing about seasons. Help her underline the verb in each sentence and write down the main structure of the sentence.

  米莉正在写有关季节的句子。帮助她在各个句子中的动词下划线，并将句子主要结构写下来。

• We have four seasons.

  我们有四个季节。

• They are quite different.

  它们截然不同。

• Spring is warm and sunny.

  春天风和日丽。

• We fly kites.

  我们放风筝。

• We like summer.

  我们喜欢夏天。

• Ice cream tastes nice.

  冰淇淋尝起来很不错。

• Autunm arrives.

  秋天到了。

• Snow falls.

  下雪了。

• Some transitive verbs can take two objects, the direct object (DO) and the indirect object (IO). The sentence structure is like this:

  一些及物动词可以接两个宾语，直接宾语（DO）和间接宾语（IO）。句子结构就是这样的：

• S + V + IO + DO → Hobo brought Eddie his clothes.

  主谓宾宾→霍波给埃迪带了衣服。

• TIP Verbs can be used with to: bring give hand lend offer pass pay post read sell send show take teach tell write

  提示 与 to 连用的动词有： 带来 给予 手 借出 提供 通过 支付 邮件 阅读 出售 发送 表演 拿 教导 告诉 写

• We can change the structure S + V + IO + DO with to.

  我们可以用to来改变S + V + IO + DO 这个结构。

• Hobo gave Eddie some ice cream.

  霍波给了埃迪一些冰淇淋。

• Hobo gave some ice cream to Eddie.

  霍波拿了一些冰淇淋给埃迪。

• We can change the structure S + V + IO + DO with for.

  我们可以用for来改变 S + V + IO + DO 这个结构。

• Hobo built Eddie a tent.

  霍波给埃迪搭了一个帐篷。

• Hobo built a tent for Eddie.

  霍波搭了一个帐篷给埃迪。

• TIP Verbs can be used with for: bring build buy cook find get leave make order pick save

  提示 与 for 连用的动词有： 带来 构建 购买 烹饪 找到 得到 离开 制作 订单挑选 保存

• The complement can also follow a direct object to rename or describe it. In this case, it is called the object complement (OC). The sentence structure is like this:

  补足语也可以接在直接宾语后面从而改变或者描述该宾语。在这种情况下，补足语就叫做宾语补足语（OC）。句子结构就是这样的：

• S + V + DO + OC → Eddie is watching Hobo work.

  主谓宾宾补→埃迪在看霍波工作。

• We can add an adverbial to each of the above five main structures. We use an adverbial to show when (adverbial of time), where (adverbial of place) or how (adverbial of manner) an action is done.

  我们可以在上述五种主要结构中加上状语。我们用状语来表示某个动作是什么时候做的（时间状语），在哪里做的（地点状语）或者怎么做的（方式状语）。

• Hobo built Eddie a tent with sticks at the beach yesterday.

  霍波昨天在海边用棍子给埃迪搭了一个帐篷。

• Amy keeps a weather diary. Read the sentences from her diary entries and describe the main structures of the underlined sentences.

  埃米写了一篇有关天气的日记。读一读她日记中的句子，描述划线句子的主要结构。

• It was a perfect day today. There was not a cloud in the sky. Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning.

  今天天气非常好。天上没有一朵云。我早上醒来的时候，妈妈正在给我做早餐。

• The clouds became dark. They covered the sun. Luckily, it didn't rain.

  云变黑了。它们遮住了太阳。幸运的是，没有下雨。

• It was New Year's Day. Mum and Dad gave me nice presents, but I was not happy. The rain was falling from morning till night. I hate rainy days.

  今天是新年。妈妈和爸爸给了我很精美的礼物，但是我不开心。雨从早上一直下到晚上。我讨厌下雨天。

• The sun was shining. I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. I caught a bad cold. I had a high fever and coughed a lot, so Mum took me to the hospital. It was an awful day!

  太阳高照。我看见一些孩子在公园里踢球。我患重感冒了，不仅发高烧，还经常咳嗽，因此妈妈就带我去医院了。还真是糟糕的一天！

• Integrated skills

  综合技能

• Weather in different seasons and places

  不同季节不同地方的天气

• Mr Wu is giving the students the weather reports for different seasons in Beijing. Help them write the possible season under each report.

  吴老师正在给同学们展示北京不同季节的天气预报。帮助他们在各个预报下方写上可能的季节。

• TIP '-10 ℃' reads as 'minus ten degrees (Celsius)' or 'ten degrees (Celsius) below zero'.

  提示 “-10 ℃”读作“零下十（摄氏）度”

• Snowstorms from the north will arrive in the late afternoon. The wind will be stronger and the temperature will drop below zero, to -10℃.

  从北方吹来的暴风雪将于今天傍晚到达。风力将会更强，温度会降到零下10℃。

• It will be mainly dry and sunny today, but it will turn more cloudy in the evening. The temperature will be around 9℃ during the day and 4℃ at night.

  今天大部分地区将晴朗干燥。但是夜间变多云天气。白天温度在9℃左右，夜间温度在4℃左右。

• It will be a beautiful, hot day again today, with temperatures in the thirties. Sunshine and blue skies will stay with us for the rest of the week.

  今天气温30度，又将是一个晴朗炎热的天气。未来一周陪伴我们的都将是阳光和蓝天。

• There will be a few showers today, but it will be warm, with daytime temperatures around 18 or 19 degrees.

  今天会有阵雨，但是天气暖和，白天气温在18-19摄氏度。

• Simon is listening to the weather report on the radio. Help him complete the table below.

  西蒙正在听收音机上的天气预报。帮助他完成下面的表格。

• Place

  地方

• Weather

  天气

• Temperature (highest)

  温度（最高）

• Temperature (lowest)

  温度（最低）

• Beijing

  北京

• New York

  纽约

• London

  伦敦

• Sydney

  悉尼

• -2℃

  零下2度

• 5℃

  5度

• -1℃

  零下1度

• showers

  阵雨

• Annie is writing about the weather in different places in her diary entry. Listen to her conversation with Simon. Help her complete her diary entry.

  安妮正在她的日记中写有关不同地方的天气的文章。听听她和西蒙的对话，帮助她完成她的日记。

• Today I learnt more about weather. It can be so different in different places. There will be a snow storm in Beijing tomorrow. The lowest temperature will be -9°C. It will be sunny in New York and clowdy in London. The temperature in New York will stay above zero, between 9°and 5°C, but it will be colder in London. The lowest temperature will be below zero, at -1°. It is always so snowy and cold in Beijing during this time of year, but Sydney is quite different. When it is winter in China, it is summer in Australia. Tomorrow there will be showers in Sydney and the temperature will be between 26°and 21°C.

  今天我学到了更多关于天气的知识。不同的地方天气可能会有很大的不同。 明天北京将会有暴风雪。最低气温为零下9摄氏度。纽约将是晴天，伦敦将是阴天。纽约的气温将保持在零度以上，在9到5摄氏度之间，但伦敦会更冷。最低气温将低于零度，在零下1摄氏度。 每年的这段时间，北京总是寒冷多雪的，但悉尼却大不相同。当中国是冬天时，澳大利亚是夏天。明天悉尼将有阵雨，气温将在26到21摄氏度之间。

• TIP We often use these expressions in a weather report. a high of a low of stay above fall below rise to drop to chance of

  提示 天气预报中常用的表达。 温度高为 温度低为 保持在……以上 降至……以下 上升到 下降到 可能遭遇

• Speak up: How's the weather in Nanjing?

  畅所欲言：南京的天气怎么样？

• Daniel is talking about the weather on the phone with his aunt in Nanjing. Work in pairs and talk about the weather. Use the conversation below as a model.

  丹尼尔和她南京的阿姨正在电话中谈论有关天气的问题。两个人一组谈论天气。把下面的对话作为范例。

• Hi, Daniel. This is Aunt Jane speaking.

  嗨，丹尼尔。我是简阿姨。

• Hi, Aunt Jane.

  嗨，简阿姨。

• How are you doing?

  你怎么样？

• I'm fine, but it's really cold. There was a strong snowstorm here in Beijing yesterday. How's the weather in Nanjing?

  我很好，但是天气真的好冷。北京昨天刮了很大的暴风雪。南京的天气怎么样？

• It's a bit cold and dry, but there are no snowstorms here.

  有点儿冷，也有点儿干燥，但是这里没有暴风雪。

• Sorry, I can't hear you. The wind is blowing hard. Can you speak louder please?

  对不起，我听不到你的声音。风太大了。你能说大点儿声吗？

• That's OK. I'll ring you later. Take care. Bye-bye.

  好吧。我等会儿打电话给你。保重。再见。

• Bye.

  再见。

• Study skills

  学习技巧

• The suffix -y

  后缀-y

• We can add the suffix -y to some nouns to form adjectives. The suffix -y means 'having the quality of'.

  我们可以在一些名词后面加上后缀-y来构成形容词。后缀-y的意思是“具有什么特征”。

• Noun + Suffix → Adjective

  名词+后缀→形容词

• Noun + Suffix → Adjective

  名词+后缀→形容词

• cloud + y → cloudy

• wind + y → windy

• rain + y → rainy

• snow + y → snowy

• sun + y → sunny

• fog + y → foggy

• luck + y → lucky

• health + y → healthy

• sleep + y → sleepy

• shine + y → shiny

• noise + y → noisy

• fun + y → funny

• Millie is writing about the weather in Beijing. Complete her article with the help of the pictures and the words in the box.

  米莉正在写与北京天气有关的文章。借助图片和方框中的单词来完成她的文章。

• fun

  有趣

• health

  健康

• luck

  运气

• noise

  噪音

• sleep

  睡觉

• It is so windy in spring. Many people in the street have to conver their faces with scarves. It makes them look funny.

  春天经常刮风。街上的很多人都得用围巾把脸遮住。这使得他们看起来很滑稽。

• Summer is usually very hot. The high temperature makes people sleepy in the afternoon. Sometimes it is rainy. The sudden heavy rain causes a lot of problems.

  夏天通常都很炎热。高温使得人们在下午的时候昏昏欲睡。有时候会下雨，这突然的大雨会引起很多问题。

• Autumn is the best season of the year. People are lucky to enjoy many sunny days. They like to have a short trip around the city at the weekend.

  秋天是一年中最好的季节。人们有幸能享有那么多晴天。他们喜欢周末的时候在城市周围远足。

• Most children like winter. They are happy and noisy on snowy days. They like snowball fights.

  大多数的孩子都喜欢冬天。他们在下雪的时候很开心很闹腾。他们喜欢打雪仗。

• There are fewer foggy days in autumn and winter. Clear air is healty for people.

  秋冬季节雾天较少。清新的空气对人体有益。

• Task

  任务

• My favourite season

  我最喜欢的季节

• Simon is reading an article about the winter in Harbin on the Internet.

  西蒙正在网上看一篇有关哈尔滨的冬天的文章。

• I love winter

  我喜欢冬天

• Winter is my favourite season. It is very cold and everyone has to wear thick warm clothes, but I always enjoy the winter here in Harbin.

  冬季是我最喜欢的季节。冬天非常寒冷，每个人都得穿上厚厚的保暖的衣物，但是我一直就喜欢哈尔滨的冬天。

• The temperature is usually below zero and it is often snowy. Everything is covered in deep white snow, and the lakes and rivers are frozen. During this season, you cannot see beautiful flowers or green trees, but the land is quiet and beautiful.

  温度通常是零度以下，而且还经常下雪。厚厚的白雪覆盖了一切，湖泊与河流都结了冰。在这个季节里，你看不到漂亮的花朵和翠绿的树木，但是这片土地很安静很漂亮。

• My friends and I love playing outside in winter. It is exciting to have big snowball fights. We throw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing. We also make snowmen and use carrots for their noses. They look funny. Moreover, I enjoy the Ice Festival each year. There are beautiful ice lanterns everywhere. It is really wonderful.

  我和我的朋友们冬天的时候喜欢在外面玩儿。打雪仗很好玩儿。我们向对方扔雪球，叫着，笑着。我们还堆雪人，用胡萝卜做雪人的鼻子。雪人看起来很好笑。此外，我喜欢每年的冰雪节。到处都是漂亮的冰灯。真的很美。

• Winter is great!

  冬天非常好！

• Useful expressions

  实用表达

• ... is my favourite season.

  ……是我最喜欢的季节。

• I always enjoy ...

  我一直喜欢……

• I love spring/summer/autumn/winter because ...

  我喜欢春天/夏天/秋天/冬天是因为……

• The temperature is usually ...

  温度通常……

• It is often sunny/windy/rainy ...

  经常是晴天/刮风/下雨。

• During this season, you can/cannot ...

  在这个季节里，你可以/不能……

• My friends and I often ...

  我和我的朋友们经常……

• Answer the questions below about your favourite season.

  回答下面有关你最喜欢的季节的问题。

• Which is your favourite season?

  你最喜欢的季节是什么？

• What is the weather like then?

  那个季节的天气怎么样？

• What does your city look like then?

  你的城市在那个季节的时候是什么样子的？

• Why do you like this season?

  你为什么喜欢这个季节？

• What activities do people enjoy doing in this season?

  人们喜欢在这个季节里做些什么活动？

• Write an article about your favourite season. Use the article on page 90 as a model. The questions above may help you.

  写一篇有关你最喜欢的季节的文章。把第90页的文章作为范例。可以借鉴上面的问题。

• Self-assessment

  自我评估

• I have learnt

  我已经学习了

• Details

  具体内容

• Result

  结果

• about the four seasons.

  有关四季的知识。

• to use the new words to talk about the four seasons.

  用新单词来谈论四季。

• different kinds of verbs and sentence structures.

  不同种类的动词和句子结构。

• the suffix -y

  后缀-y。

• Result:

  结果

• Excellent!

  非常好！

• Good!

  很好！

• Not bad!

  不是很好！

• I need to spend more time on______.

  我需要花更多时间在______。

Unit 8 Natural disasters

• Unit 8 Natural disasters

  第八单元 自然灾害

• It's raining. My house is all wet. Can I come in, Eddie?

  下雨了，我的房子全湿了。我能进来吗，埃迪？

• Sure, come in.

  当然，进来吧。

• I was sleeping when it started to rain.

  开始下雨的时候我正在睡觉。

• Didn't you hear the rain?

  你没听到下雨的声音吗？

• No. When I woke up, there was water everywhere! Come with me, Eddie.

  没有。当我醒来的时候，到处都是水！跟我来吧，埃迪。

• Why?

  为什么？

• Who will mop up the water if I go home without you?

  如果我一个人回家，谁来把水拖干净呢？

• Learning about natural disasters

  了解自然灾害

• The geography teacher wants the Class 1, Grade 8 students to write an article on natural disasters for the school newsletter.

  地理老师想让8年级1班的学生们为校园简报写一篇有关自然灾害的文章。

• Task

  任务

• Write about a natural disaster for your school newsletter.

  为你们学校简报写一篇有关某种自然灾害的文章。

• Welcome to the unit

  欢迎学习本单元

• Natural disasters and accidents

  自然灾害和事故

• Sandy is reading some newspaper headlines. Look at them. Which are about natural disasters? Put a tick (✓) in the correct boxes.

  桑迪正在看一些报纸的标题。看看这些标题，哪些是关于自然灾害的？在对应的方框中打勾。

• TIP In newspaper headliness, the simple present tense is used and words like a, an, the and the verb be are often left out.

  提示 报纸标题中经常使用一般现在时，而且像a,an,the以及be动词经常省略。

• School football team loses final

  校足球队没有进入决赛

• Earthquake kills thousands of people

  地震造成了成千上万人死亡

• Car accident kills three men

  汽车相撞引发三人死亡

• Coach crashes into tree

  长途汽车撞上树了

• Flood washes away village

  洪水把村庄冲走了

• Lightning starts big fire in classroom building

  闪电引起教学楼发火灾

• Young boy falls from tree and hurts legs

  年轻男孩从树上跌落伤了腿

• Big storm kills 20 people

  大风暴造成20人死亡

• Sandy and Millie are chatting online about natural disasters and accidents. Work in pairs and discuss the topic with your partner. Use the conversation below as a model.

  桑迪和米莉正在网上聊有关自然灾害和事故情况。两个人一组，和你的搭档一起讨论这个主题。把下面的对话作为范例。

• Did you hear about the fire at a school in the UK last week?

  你听过上周发生在英国一所学校的火灾事故吗？

• No. What happened?

  没有，发生什么事情了？

• It was at my friend Vivien's school. She told me about it. There was a heavy storm with thunder and lightning.

  火灾发生在我的朋友薇薇安的学校。她告诉我相关情况的。那天有暴风雨，还雷电交加。

• Oh, really?

  哦，真的吗？

• Yes. It was terrible. Lightning hit a classroom building and it caught fire.

  真的，太恐怖了。一幢教学楼被雷电击中而着火了。

• Was anyone hurt?

  有人受伤吗？

• No. Nobody was hurt. It happened at night.

  没有，没有人受伤。火灾是晚上发生的。

• Reading

  阅读

• An earthquake

  地震

• There was an earthquake in 1999. Timmy survived. Read Timmy's story and find out what happened to him.

  1999年发生了地震。蒂米生还。读一读蒂米的故事并了解他发生了什么事情。

• Timmy's Place

  蒂米的殿堂

• The earthquake

  地震

• It was about two o'clock in the early morning. I was sleeping when the earthquake started. At first, I felt a slight shake. Then I heard a loud noise like thunder.

  大概是凌晨两点钟，地震发生的时候我正在睡觉。起初，我感觉到有一阵轻微的震动。接着我听到了一阵像打雷的巨大的响声。

• Soon the real noise came, like bombs under the ground. The earth started to shake. People screamed in fear. Some ran out of the building. I tried my best to run out too, but I could not. Outside, people were running in all derections while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down. Then the walls began to come down too!

  很快，真的响声就传来了，像是埋在底下的炸弹。地面开始晃动。人们恐惧地尖叫。一些人便朝大楼外跑去。我也尽力往外跑，但是我没跑出去。外面，碎玻璃和碎砖块纷纷掉落下来，人们四处逃散。接着墙面也倒塌了！

• Finally, the noise and shaking ended. It was dark and silent around me. I could not see anything at all, and I did not know if anyone else was near me. I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast.'I'm trapped,' I said to myself. A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.

  终于，声音没有了，地面也停止了晃动。我周围一片漆黑，一片寂静。我什么也看不见，也不知道我周围是否还有别人。我感到很不安，我的心跳得很快。“我被困住了，”我自言自语，脑海中掠过一阵恐惧，但我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。

• I shouted for help, but no one came. I started to pull myself slowly through the dark. Luckily, there was just enough space for me to move.

  我大声叫喊以寻求求助，但是没有人来。我开始在黑暗中慢慢地向前移动身体。幸运的是，那里刚好有足够的空间供我移动。

• Hours later, as I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly heard some noise above me. I screamed,'Help! Please help! I'm here!' Then I heard shouts from excited people. They quickly moved away the bricks. At last, I saw the bright daylight. I was safe.

  几个小时之后，就在我试着寻找出路时，我突然听到上方有一些声音。我大呼：“救命啊！请救救我！我在这儿！”然后我听到了激动的人群的喊叫声。他们迅速移开砖块。最终，我看到了耀眼的日光。我安全了。

• Timmy and the earthquake

  蒂米和地震

• Sandy does not know the meanings of some words in the story. Help her match the words on the left with the meanings on the right. Write the correct letters in the blanks.

  桑迪不知道故事中一些单词的意思。帮助她将左边的单词和右边的意思搭配起来。在空白处写上对应的字母。

• shake (line 5)

  摇晃（第5行）

• scream (line 5)

  尖叫（第5行）

• come down (line 8)

  倒塌（第8行）

• silent (line 9)

  寂静的（第9行）

• at last (line 20)

  最后（第20行）

• safe (line 20)

  安全的（第20行）

• finally

  最后

• fall to the ground

  倒在地上

• give a loud high cry

  发出又高又响亮的哭声

• not in danger

  不危险了

• move quickly from side to side, up and down, etc.

  从一边到另一边，从上到下等快速移动

• quiet

  安静的

• Timmy put some pictures he drew on his web page. Help Sandy write the correct caption in the blank under each picture. Then put the pictures in the correct order.

  蒂米在他的网页上贴了一些他画的图片。帮助桑迪在每幅图片下方的空白处写上对应的说明文字。然后按正确顺序排列图片。

• I saw the bright daylight.

  我看到了明亮的日光。

• I was trapped.

  我被困住了。

• The walls came down.

  墙倒塌了。

• I screamed for help.

  我尖叫着寻求帮助。

• Some people ran out of the building.

  一些人朝大楼外跑去。

• The earth started to shake.

  地面开始晃动。

• Sandy is telling her classmates about Timmy's story. Check whether she remembers everything correctly. Write a T if a sentence is true or an F if it is false.

  桑迪正把蒂米的故事讲给她的同学们听。检查一下她是不是把所有的细节都记清楚了。如果句子是正确的，那就写T，如果是错误的，那就写F。

• Timmy was asleep when the earthquake started.

  地震发生的时候蒂米正在睡觉。

• At first, Timmy heard a loud noise like thunder.

  起初，蒂米听到了一阵像打雷一样的巨响。

• People ran in the same direction in the street.

  人们在街上往同一个方向跑。

• Timmy was trapped in a dark place after the earthquake stopped.

  地震停止后，蒂米被困在一个漆黑的地方。

• There was not enough space for Timmy to pull himself through.

  没有足够的地方供蒂米移动身体。

• People found Timmy soon after he was trapped.

  蒂米被困之后，人们很快就找到了他。

• Sandy is writing about what happened to Timmy in her diary. Help her complete her diary entry with the words in the box.

  桑迪正在她的日记中写蒂米所发生的事情。帮助她用方框中的单词来完成她的日记。

• beating

  跳

• bricks

  砖，砖块

• calm

  平静的

• fear

  害怕，恐惧

• mind

  头脑

• nervous

  紧张不安的

• pulled

  移动

• safe

  安全的

• saved

  拯救

• sleeping

  睡觉

• thunder

  雷，雷声

• trapped

  困住的

• When the earthquake hit Timmy's hometown in 1999, Timmy was sleeping. He heard a loud noise like thunder. Then the noise became louder, like bombs under the ground. People screamed in fear. Then pieces of glass and bricks fell down.

  1999年，地震袭击蒂米的家乡时，蒂米正在睡觉。他听见如雷般的巨响。随后，声音变得更大，就像地下有炸弹在爆炸一样。人们惊声尖叫。玻璃和砖块一齐落下。

• When the noise and shaking stopped, Timmy was trapped and could not get out. He felt nervous and his heart was beating fast. A moment of fear went through his mind. Then he tried to calm down and pulled himself slowly through the dark. Finally, people came and heard his cry for help. They moved away the bricks and saved him. Timmy was safe at last.

  当噪音和震动停止时，蒂米被困，无法出去。他很紧张，听见自己的心脏在快速跳动着。一阵恐惧涌上心头。随后他试着冷静下来，在黑暗中慢慢前行。终于，有人来了，他们听见蒂米在求救。他们把砖块搬走，把他救了出来。最后蒂米得救了。

• Grammar

  语法

• Past continuous tense

  过去进行时

• We use the past continuous tense to talk about things that were happening at a particular time in the past.

  我们用过去进行时来谈论过去某个特定的时间里正在发生的事情。

• I was (not) sleeping at 10 p.m. last night. You/We/They were (not) sleeping at 10 p.m. last night. He/She/It was (not) sleeping at 10 p.m. last night.

  昨晚十点，我（没有）在睡觉。 昨晚十点，你（们）/我们/他们（没有）在睡觉。 昨晚十点，他/她/它（没有）在睡觉。

• Was I sleeping at 10 p.m. last night? Were you/we/they sleeping at 10 p.m. last night? Was he/she/it sleeping at 10 p.m. last night?

  昨晚十点，我在睡觉吗？ 昨晚十点，你（们）/我们/他们在睡觉吗？ 昨晚十点，他/她/它在睡觉吗？

• Yes, I was. Yes, you/we/they were. Yes, he/she/it was.

  是的，我在睡觉。 是的，你（们）/我们/他们在睡觉。 是的，他/她/它在睡觉。

• No, I wasn't. No, you/we/they weren't. No, he/she/it wasn't.

  不，我没有在睡觉。 不，你（们）/我们/他们没有在睡觉。 不，他/她/它没有在睡觉。

• A snowstorm hit Sunshine Town

  暴风雪袭击阳光镇

• A snowstorm hit Sunshine Town. Mr Wu is asking the students about it. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

  一轮暴风雪袭击了阳光镇。吴老师正在询问学生相关情况。用括号中动词的正确形式来完成他们的对话，

• What a terrible snowstorm! It started at about seven this morning. I was reading the newspaper then. What were you doing, Simon?

  好可怕的暴风雪！大概是早上七点钟的时候开始的。那个时候我正在看报纸。你在干什么，西蒙？

• I was having breakfast.

  我在吃早餐。

• What about you, Millie?

  你呢，米莉？

• I was walking to the bus stop. Sandy, I saw you and your parents standing on the side of the road. Were you waiting for a taxi?

  我正步行去公交站台。桑迪，我看见你和你父母站在马路对面。你们在等出租车吗？

• Yes. My dad's car broke down because of the cold weather. He was ringing someone to come and help when you saw us.

  是的。因为这寒冷的天气，我爸爸的车坏了。你看见我们的时候他正在打电话叫人来帮忙。

• Using when, while and as

  运用when,while和as

• When, while and as can be used as conjunctions of time. They all mean 'during the time that'.

  when,while和as可用作时间连词。它们都表示“在那个时间里”。

• TIP We use a comma to separate the two clauses if when, while or as comes at the beginning of the sentence. When the earthquake started, most people were sleeping.

  提示 当when、while或as出现在句子开头时，要用逗号分隔两个分句。 地震发生时，大多数人都在睡觉。

• I was sleeping when the earthquake started.

  地震发生的时候我正在睡觉。

• People were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.

  碎玻璃和碎砖块纷纷掉落下来的时候，人们四处逃散。

• As I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly heard some noise above me.

  就在我试着找出路的时候，我突然听到我上方有一阵响声。

• Note: When a shorter action happened at the same time as a longer action, we use the past continuous tense for the longer action and the simple past tense for the shorter action. When there are two long actions, we often use while.

  注意：当瞬时动作和延续性动作同时发生的时候，我们用过去进行时来表示延续性动作，用一般过去时表示瞬时动作。当有两个延续性动作的时候，我们经常用while。

• If the shorter action is in the main clause, we can use when, while or as to join them.

  如果瞬时动作在主句中，我们可以用when, while, 或者as来连接它们。

• When/While/As Millie was watching TV, Andy came into the room.

  当米莉看电视的时候，安迪进房间了。

• If the longer action is in the main clause, we often use when to join them.

  如果延续性动作在主句中，我们经常用when来连接它们。

• Millie was watching TV when Andy came into the room.

  安迪走进房间的时候米莉正在看电视。

• Playing in the snow

  在雪地里玩耍

• Some Class 1, Grade 8 students went to play in the snow. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Use when, while or as to connect the sentences.

  8年级1班的学生们去雪地里玩耍了。用括号中动词的正确形式完成这些句子。用when, while或者as来连接这些句子。

• When Simon arrived, Amy was getting some snow from the ground.

  西蒙到的时候，埃米正在地上抓雪。

• When Suzy and Kitty were building a snowman, Millie took photos.

  苏茜和基蒂正在堆雪人的时候，米莉拍照。

• Daniel fell over while he was making a big snowball.

  丹尼尔捏大雪球的时候摔倒了。

• Peter was hiding behind a tree when a snowball hit him.

  雪球砸中彼得的时候，他正躲在一棵树后面。

• While Millie and her classmates were playing in the snow, Andy was running towards them.

  米莉和她的同学们在雪地里玩儿的时候，安迪跑向他们。

• Integrated skills

  综合技能

• Away from danger

  远离危险

• Which telephone numbers should you dial in the following situations? Write the correct telephone number under each picture. The information in the box may help you.

  在下列情况下，你应该拨打什么号码呢？在各图片下方写上正确的电话号码。可借鉴方框中的信息。

• 110 — Police

  110——报警

• 119 — Fire

  119——火警

• 120 — Hospital

  120——急救中心

• 122 — Traffic

  122——交通

• The students are attending a talk called 'Away from danger' at Sunshine Hall. Listen to the talk and help Simon complete his notes.

  学生们正在阳光礼堂参加一个叫做“远离危险”的演说。听听这段演说，帮助西蒙完成他的笔记。

• Danger

  危险

• Tips

  提示

• Fires

  火灾

• Try to get out as soon as possible.

  尽量尽快离开。

• Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to protect yourself from (1)______.

  用湿毛巾捂住口鼻以保护自己免受______。

• Stay (2)______to the ground.

  待在接近地面的______。

• Never (3)______into the building on fire.

  切勿______进入着火的大楼。

• Floods

  洪水

• Get to (4)______ground and stay there.

  到达______地面并停留在那里。

• Do not (5)_______through the flood water.

  不要_______洪水。

• Earthquakes

  地震

• ______under a strong desk or table to protect yourself.

  ______在结实的课桌或桌子下保护自己。

• Do not stand near a (7)______.

  不要站在______附近。

• Traffic accidents

  交通事故

• Always (8)______traffic rules.

  一直遵守交通规则。

• Look (9)______, right and then left when you cross the road.

  过马路时先向______看、右看，然后向左看。